无障碍博物馆相关研究的回溯、现状与展望——写在《中华人民共和国无障碍环境建设法》颁布实施之际

Retrospection,Status-quo,and Prospect of Research on Accessible Museums,Written at the Time of the Promulgation and Implementation of the Barrier-free Environment Construction Law of the People's Republic of China

20世纪70年代以后,发端于建筑学的“无障碍”概念被引入博物馆领域并在理论和实践中不断演变,逐渐成为现当代博物馆追求更具包容性和可及性公共文化机构努力中的重要一环。当前博物馆无障碍和无障碍博物馆研究在吸收借鉴其他学科已有成果的过程中,已在残障群体的建筑无障碍和信息无障碍方面取得重大进展,2023年9月1日正式实施的《中华人民共和国无障碍环境建设法》,无疑将进一步巩固这些进展。与此同时,业界和公众可以预期的是,相关理论研究和实践探索的重心将转向博物馆之于残障观众的情感无障碍维度,而以公众利益为轴心的博物馆职业伦理会在其中发挥精神工具的作用。

After the 1970s,the concept of barrier-free originating from architecture was introduced into museum sector It has been continuously evolving in theory and practice,and becoming an important part for museums to pursue inclusiveness and accessibility as public cultural institutions.The current research on accessible museums has made significant progress in physical and information accessibility for disabled groups,absorbing existing achievements of other areas.The implementation of the Barrier-free Environment Construction Law of the People's Republic of China on September 1,2023,will undoubtedly further consolidate these advances.At the same time,museum sector and the public can expect that the focus of relevant research and practices willshif towards the emotional accessibility.And the codes of ethics for museums centered on public interest will work as its spiritual tool.