江西齐云山长苞铁杉种群特征与种间联结研究

Population Characteristics and Interspecific Association of Nothotsuga longibracteata in Qiyunshan Mountain of Jiangxi Province

【目的】探讨江西齐云山国家级自然保护区长苞铁杉(Nothotsuga longibracteata)种群与种间联结特征,为保护区珍稀孑遗植物的监测与保护提供科学依据。【方法】根据前期踏查的结果,在江西齐云山国家级自然保护区内选择长苞铁杉集中分布区域,建立15个40m×40m的长苞铁杉群落固定样地,对长苞铁杉种群和种间联结进行分析。【结果】(1)长苞铁杉个体数量总体随着龄级的增加而减少,年龄结构呈“金字塔”型。(2)长苞铁杉在Ⅱ、Ⅶ和Ⅻ龄级存在3个死亡高峰期。(3)长苞铁杉群落优势树种总体呈显著正联结,其中长苞铁杉与杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)呈显著正相关,而与大果马蹄荷(Exbucklandia tonkinensis)、圆萼折柄茶(Stewartia crassifolia)呈显著负相关。【结论】齐云山保护区长苞铁杉种群呈增长趋势,但种群生存压力较大,应提前采取相应的干预措施,以预防未来种群出现衰退。长苞铁杉群落主要物种间总体呈显著正相关,在保护过程中需重点关注与长苞铁杉呈负相关的物种,可适当进行人为干预,以防止这些物种过度增长导致长苞铁杉自然更新出现困难。

[Objective] This study was conducted to explore the population characteristics and interspecific association of Nothotsuga longibracteata in Qiyunshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,so as to provide scientific basis for the monitoring and protection of rare and relict plants there.[Method] According to the results of preliminary investigation,concentrated distribution areas of Nothotsuga longibracteata was selected in Qiyunshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,and 15 fixed plots of 40 m×40 m Nothotsuga longibracteata community were established to analyze the population and interspecific association of Nothotsuga longibracteata.[Result](1) The number of Nothotsuga longibracteata individuals decreased with the increase of age class,and the age structure was a kind of ‘pyramid' type;(2) There were three death peaks of Nothotsuga longibracteata in II,VII and XII age classes;(3) The dominant tree species of Nothotsuga longibracteata community were significantly positively correlated.Nothotsuga longibracteata was significantly positively correlated with Cunninghamia lanceolata,and significantly negatively correlated with Exbucklandia tonkinensis and Stewartia crassifolia.[Conclusion] The Nothotsuga longibracteata population in the protection area of Qiyunshan Mountain showed an increasing trend,but the population survival pressure is large.Corresponding intervention measures should be taken in advance to prevent the future population decline.There is a significant positive correlation between the main species of Nothotsuga longibracteata community.In the process of protection,it is necessary to pay attention to the species negatively correlated with Nothotsuga longibracteata,and appropriate human intervention can be carried out to prevent the excessive growth of these species from causing difficulties in the natural regeneration of Nothotsuga longibracteata.