格尔木设施农田土壤养分特征及肥力综合评价

Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Characteristics and Fertility in Golmud Facility Farmland

格尔木市设施农业得到了快速发展,但其土壤养分特征尚不明确。通过采集格尔木市设施农田土壤样品,基于经典统计学和主成分分析方法探究其土壤养分的变化特征,并进行定量化综合评价。结果表明格尔木设施农田土壤的电导率、速效钾、有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮均存在中等变异,p H值和全钾呈弱变异。土壤全氮与全磷、碱解氮、速效磷和有机质达极显著正相关(P <0.01),与全钾和速效钾间呈显著正相关(P <0.05);p H值与全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质和电导率间均呈极显著负相关关系(P <0.01)。主成分分析法提取的前4个成分,对总方差的贡献率达到87.10%,土壤养分综合评价指数IFI值红伟集团>示范园>园艺公司,土壤速效磷均处于极高水平,影响设施农田土壤生产能力的主要障碍因素为较高的p H值和电导率。

Facility agriculture in Golmud City has developed rapidly,but its soil nutrient characteristics are not clear.In this paper,soil samples of facility farmland in Golmud City were collected to explore the change characteristics of soil nutrients based on classical statistics and principal component analysis,and quantitative comprehensive evaluation was carried out.The results showed that the soil conductivity,available potassium,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen had moderate variation,while pH value and total potassium showed weak variation.Soil total nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic matter(P ﹤ 0.01),and was significantly positively associated with total potassium and available potassium(P ﹤ 0.05),and pH was significantly negatively correlated with total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and electrical conductivity(P ﹤ 0.01).The contribution rate of the first four components extracted by principal component analysis to the total variance reached 87.10%,and the comprehensive evaluation index of soil nutrients was IFI value,and the soil available phosphorus was at a very high level ﹥ the demonstration garden ﹥ horticultural company,and the main obstacle factors affecting the soil productivity of facility farmland were high p H value and conductivity.