核电厂乏燃料水池移动式应急冷却系统研究

Research on Mobile Emergency Cooling System for Spent Fuel Pool in Nuclear Power Plant

为应对类似于福岛核电厂4号机组事故后乏燃料水池安全排热问题,通过分析该类事故下现场无电源可用、冷链丧失、应急时间紧急等特点,研究出一套可用于核电厂乏燃料水池的移动式应急冷却系统。该系统将主要设备集中布置在同一移动平台上,形成一个集成的移动式应急冷却装置,该装置自带动力源,冷却设备直接向大气环境排热,具备动力自给和独立热阱功能;该装置采用冷却功能模块化设计,装置内各设备已固定连接,事故后通过软管与预先铺设的乏燃料水池引水、回水管线连接即可,可在事故后快速投运,稳定导出乏燃料水池中的衰变热;此外,通过对移动式应急冷却装置外形尺寸标准化设计,满足厂内及厂外普通公路通行相关国家标准,可在本厂内不同机组间实行机动应急,也可以对其他厂址机组进行应急驰援。

In order to solve the issue of safe heat removal from the spent fuel pool after an accident similar to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Unit 4,a mobile emergency cooling system for the spent fuel pool in nuclear power plants has been developed by analyzing the characteristics of no power supply available on site,loss of cold chain,and emergency response time.The main equipment is centralized on the same mobile platform in the system,forming an integrated mobile emergency cooling device.The device comes with its own power source and cooling equipment that directly discharges heat into the atmosphere,with power self-sufficiency and a separate heat sink function.The device implements the modular design of cooling function,and each equipment in the device is fixedly connected.After an accident,it can be connected with the pre-laid water supply and return pipelines of the spent fuel pool through a hose.It can be quickly put into operation after an accident,and stably export the decay heat in the spent fuel pool.In addition,through the standardized design of the external dimensions of the mobile emergency cooling device,it can meet the relevant national standards for ordinary highway traffic inside and outside the plant.It can carry out mobile emergency response among different units in the plant,and can also carry out emergency rescue for units at other sites.