西辽河平原浅埋滴灌下水氮运筹对玉米产量和效益的影响

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Management on Yield and Benefit of Maize un⁃der the Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation in Xiliaohe Plain

为探究西辽河平原浅埋滴灌下水氮减量对春玉米产量和效益的影响,2018~2019年采用裂区设计实施田间定位试验,分别以两年的平均产量(Y)和经济效益(Y´)为因变量,以试验设定的灌溉量(W)和施氮量(N)为自变量,建立产量及经济效益回归模型,并分析产量、经济效益与灌溉量、施氮量之间的互作关系。结果表明,在试验设定的自变量范围内,灌溉量、施氮量对产量和经济效益的提高均有促进作用,影响程度为施氮量>灌溉量;灌溉量、施氮量及其互作对产量和经济效益的影响均为正效应。通过产量模型寻优,灌溉量、施氮量分别为2372 m^(3)/hm^(2)、291.9 kg/hm^(2)时,产量最高,可达13097.59 kg/hm^(2);通过经济效益模型寻优,灌溉量、施氮量分别为2344 m^(3)/hm^(2)、276.6 kg/hm^(2)时,经济效益最高,可达15619.93元/hm^(2)。综合分析产量及经济效益,西辽河平原春玉米浅埋滴灌水肥一体化栽培模式适宜灌溉量为2344~2372 m^(3)/hm^(2),施氮量276.6~291.9 kg/hm^(2),在此水氮区间范围内可实现水氮高效利用,获取较高产量可观的经济效益,可为西辽河平原浅埋滴灌密植下春玉米种植提供一定参考。

In order to explore the effects of amount reduction of water and nitrogen on yield and benefit of spring maize under the shallow buried drip irrigation in Xiliaohe Plain,the regression model of yield and economic benefit were set up to analyze the interaction relations between yield,economic benefits and irrigation amount,nitrogen ap⁃plication using average yield(Y)and economic benefits(Y´)of the two year as the dependent variable and irrigation amount(W)and nitrogen application rate(N)set by the test as independent variable by adopting split plot design to carry out field location test in 2018-2019.The results showed that irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate had a promoting effect on the increase of yield and economic benefits and the influence degree was nitrogen applica⁃tion rate>irrigation amount,and interaction of irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate had positive effects on yield and economic benefits within the range of independent variables set by the experiment.When the irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate were respectively 2372 m^(3)/ha and 291.9 kg/ha,the yield was the highest,reaching 13097.59 kg/ha by yield model optimization;When the irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate were respectively 2344 m^(3)/ha and 276.6 kg/ha,the economic benefit was the largest,reaching 15619.93 yuan/ha by economic benefit model optimization.Comprehensive yield and economic benefits,the suitable irrigation amount and nitrogen application amount of shallow burying drip irrigation and fertilizer integrated cultivation mode of Spring Maize in Xiliaohe Plain are 2344-2372 m^(3)/ha and 276.6-291.9 kg/ha,respectively.In this range of water and nitrogen,it can achieve high efficiency of water and nitrogen utilization and obtain high yield and considerable economic benefits,which can provide certain reference for spring maize planting under the shallow buried drip irri⁃gation and close planting in Xiliaohe Plain.