基于眼动实验的飞机座舱界面字符编码分析

Analysis of the Aircraft Cockpit Interface Character Encoding Based on the Eye Movement Experiment

驾驶舱是飞机的命令中枢,驾驶舱显示界面的信息设计质量直接影响到飞行任务的完成,大多数飞行相关信息都以字符形式展现在飞机座舱界面上。为探究飞行员对不同字符编码元素的识别效率,通过飞机座舱界面字符编码、眼动追踪法及行为绩效评估法研究了飞机座舱界面字符大小、笔画宽度、字符间距对飞行员认知效率的影响。结果表明:从行为数据来看,字符字高6.5 mm的字符反应时最短。从眼动实验数据来看,字符字高6.5 mm的字符注视时间最短、注视百分比最小、使受试者瞳孔直径最小;从行为数据来看,字符笔画宽度400W3C的字符反应时最短。从眼动实验数据来看,字符笔画宽度400W3C的字符注视时间最短、注视百分比最小、使受试者瞳孔直径最小;从行为数据来看,字间距100的字符反应时最短。从眼动实验数据来看,字间距100的字符注视时间最短、注视百分比最小、字间距0的字符使受试者瞳孔直径最小。可见不同字符编码识别效率不同,字高6.5 mm、笔画宽度400W3C、字间距100的字符编码识别效率最高,该结论可用于飞机座舱界面的设计中。

The cockpit is the command center of the aircraft.The information design quality of the cockpit display interface directly affects the completion of the flight task.Most of the flight information is displayed in the form of characters on the aircraft cockpit interface.In order to explore pilots recognition efficiency of different character coding elements,aircraft cockpit interface character coding,eye tracking method and performance evaluation method was used to investigate the effects of character size,stroke width and character spacing on pilots cognitive efficiency.The results show that from the behavioral data,the characters with a character height of 6.5 mm have the shortest response time and the highest accuracy.According to the data of eye movement experiment,the character with the height of 6.5 mm has the shortest fixation time,the smallest fixation percentage and the smallest pupil diameter.From the behavioral data,characters with stroke width of 400W3C have the shortest response time.According to the experimental data of eye movement,the character with the stroke width of 400W3C has the shortest fixation time,the smallest fixation percentage,and the smallest pupil diameter of subjects.From the behavioral data,characters with spacing 100 have the shortest response time and characters with spacing 0 have the highest accuracy.According to the data of eye movement experiment,the characters with spacing 100 had the shortest fixation time,the smallest fixation percentage,and the characters with spacing 0 had the smallest pupil diameter.It is concluded that the recognition efficiency of different character codes is different.The character codes with the character height of 6.5 mm,stroke width of 400W3C and word spacing of 100 have the highest recognition efficiency.This conclusion can be used in the design of aircraft cabin interface.