主动吸烟对育龄女性生殖系统疾病影响的倾向性评分匹配研究及相关健康教育探讨

Study on the influence of active smoking on reproductive system diseases of women of childbearing age by propensity score matching and related health education

目的探讨育龄妇女主动吸烟对其生殖系统疾病的影响,以开展针对性的健康教育。方法选取2018年1月至2021年6月在东莞市妇幼保健院进行产前检查的20~49岁育龄妇女12085名为研究对象,收集其人口学资料(年龄、体质量指数、民族、居住地、生育史、饮酒、主动吸烟和被动吸烟)、其它因素(高血压、甲状腺肿、流产史、糖尿病、贫血及巨细胞、沙眼衣原体和乙肝病毒感染)及生殖系统疾病(痛经、卵巢囊肿、阴道炎、乳腺增生、盆腔炎、宫颈炎和子宫肌瘤)等资料,采用1:1倾向性评分匹配研究,探讨主动吸烟与生殖系统疾病的关系,单因素分析采用t检验和χ^(2)检验,多因素分析采用配对Logistic回归分析。结果配对共计180对,平均年龄(29.38±4.98)岁。主动吸烟与卵巢囊肿(OR:4.790,95%CI:1.015-22.606)和乳腺增生(OR:2.667,95%CI:1.240-5.737)相关;与宫颈炎(OR:1.101,95%CI:0.661-1.834)、盆腔炎(OR:2.000,95%CI:0.684-5.851)、痛经(OR:0.874,95%CI:0.664-1.151)、阴道炎(OR:0.643,95%CI:0.278-1.485)和子宫肌瘤(OR:1.771,95%CI:0.513-6.114)未见明显相关。结论主动吸烟危害育龄女性生殖系统健康,应该加强健康教育,降低育龄妇女吸烟率。

Objective To explore the effect of active smoking on reproductive system diseases among women of childbearing age,and to carry out targeted health education.MethodssWe selected 12085 women of childbearing age from 20 to 49 years old who had prenatal examination in Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 as the research objects.Demographic data(age,body mass index,nationality,residence,birth history,alcohol consumption,active smoking and passive smoking),other factors(hypertension,goiter,abortion history,diabetes,anemia and cytomegalovirus,Chlamydia trachomatis and hepatitis B virus infection)and reproductive system diseases(dysmenorrhea,ovarian cyst,vaginitis,mammary hyperplasia,pelvic inflammatory disease,cervicitis and uterine leiomyoma)were collected.A 1:1 paired study was conducted to explore the relationship of active smoking on reproductive system diseases by using propensity score matching method.The t-test and χ^(2) test were used for univariate analysis,and paired Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results A total of 180 pairs were matched by propensity score matching,with an average age of(29.38±4.98)years.Active smoking was associated with ovarian cysts(OR:4.790,95%CI:1.015-22.606)and breast hyperplasia(OR:2.667,95%CI:1.240-5.737).Cervicitis(0R:1.101,95%CI:0.661-1.834),pelvic inflammation(0R:2.000,95%CI:0.684-5.851),dysmenorrhea(0R:0.874,95%CI:0.664-1.151),vaginitis(OR:0.643,95%Cl:0.278-1.485)and hysteromyoma(OR:1.771,95%CI:0.513-6.114)were not significantly correlated with active smoking.Conclusion Active smoking is harmful to reproductive health of women of childbearing age.Health education should be strengthened to reduce smoking rate of women of childbearing age and promote their reproductive health.