汉魏宴饮中男子异舞考述

A Study of Male Singular Dance in Banquets in the Han and Wei Dynasties

异舞是一种在舞姿、舞技和身形上体现出奇异之态,通过奇异性引起宾主欢愉的宴饮舞蹈,通常由男子表演。“沐猴与狗斗”是模仿猕猴嬉戏和狗斗的舞蹈,在营造欢愉感及活跃气氛方面具有独特的效果,朝廷屡禁不止。“沐猴而冠”即表演者模仿沐猴戴着帽子的滑稽形象,是“沐猴舞”的表演内容之一。其他宴饮中的异舞还有鸲鹆舞、拍袒、五椎锻等。汉画像石中身形怪异男子的滑稽舞蹈也是一种异舞表演。

The“Singular Dance”is a type of banquet dance that embodies strange dance postures,dance techniques and body shapes.It is usually performed by men,and brings pleasure to the guests and hosts.“Monkey and Dog Fighting”is a dance imitating the playfulness of monkies and the fighting of dogs,which has a unique effect in creating a joyful and enlivening atmosphere,however,it has been repeatedly prohibited by the imperial court.The performance of“A Monkey with a Hat on”in which the performer imitates the funny image of a monkey wearing a hat,is one of the performances of“Monkey Dance”.Other singular dances in banquets include Quyu Dance,Pai Tan and Wu Zhui Duan.The comical dance of a man with a strange figure on the stone reliefs of the Han Dynasty is also a form of“Singular Dance”.