糖类化合物碳稳定同位素分析技术及其在土壤碳代谢研究中的应用

Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis Technology of Carbohydrates and Its Application in Soil Carbon Metabolism Research

糖类化合物是土壤有机质的重要组成部分,是土壤微生物的主要碳源和能源,在维持土壤有机质的稳定性方面起着重要作用。稳定同位素是一种天然的示踪物,通过碳稳定同位素标记技术,可以追踪糖类化合物在植物-土壤-微生物间的流通,量化土壤糖类化合物的转化与累积效率,有助于推进对土壤碳代谢过程的深入理解。本研究综述了土壤糖类化合物的种类、来源、前处理和碳稳定同位素丰度分析方法,重点介绍了气相色谱-稳定同位素质谱法(GC-C-IRMS)的衍生方法及各方法的优缺点,简要概述了碳稳定同位素技术在土壤糖代谢研究中的应用现状,并对其应用前景进行了展望。

Soil carbohydrates,such as glucose and fructose,are essential components of soil organic matter(SOM).They serve as the primary carbon and energy sources for soil microorganisms and play a crucial role in regulating SOM stability,both directly and indirectly.Despite their ecological importance,the transformation processes and forms of soil carbohydrates are still not well-understood,despite centuries of extensive study.The use of stable carbon isotopes as natural tracers offers distinct advantages over radioisotope techniques,including safety,cleanliness,and ease of control.As a result,stable carbon isotope analysis has been widely employed in soil carbon cycling research.The examination of carbon isotopic variation in carbohydrates using stable carbon isotope tracers contributes to our understanding of carbohydrate transformation and accumulation processes within the plant-soil-microorganism system.It also enhances our comprehension of soil carbon metabolism.This paper provides an introduction to the types,sources,and pretreatment methods of soil carbohydrates.Furthermore,it reviews the theory and methods of stable carbon isotope analysis as applied to carbohydrates and their relevance to the study of soil carbon cycling.Lastly,it offers a comprehensive summary of current research challenges and prospects for future advancements in soil carbon cycling research.