2017-2022年郑州市新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS病例特征分析

Characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022

目的了解2017—2022年郑州市新报告青年学生艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)病例特征,为青年学生艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测系统和艾滋病防治工作信息系统哨点监测问卷调查系统,收集2017—2022年郑州市新报告≥15岁青年学生HIV/AIDS病例资料,包括人口学信息、高危性行为、传播途径、发现途径和首次CD4+T淋巴细胞(CD4细胞)检测结果等,进行描述性分析。结果2017—2022年郑州市新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS病例205例,占同期新报告HIV/AIDS病例的6.53%。男性201例,女性4例;年龄以20~24岁为主,132例占64.39%;郑州市户籍72例,占35.12%,2017—2022年郑州市户籍HIV/AIDS病例的比例呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。病例均经性接触感染,其中同性性接触传播167例,占81.46%;首次性行为年龄≥18岁143例,占69.76%;性伴人数≥4人105例,占51.22%,2017—2022年性伴人数≥4人的比例呈上升趋势(P<0.05);发生性行为时从未使用过安全套139例,占67.80%。病例主要通过检测咨询发现,132例占64.39%。确证前做过HIV抗体检测59例,占28.78%,2017—2022年确证前做过HIV抗体检测的比例呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。首次CD4细胞检测190例,计数<200个/μL 18例,占9.47%。结论2017—2022年郑州市新报告青年学生HIV/AIDS病例以20~24岁男性为主,本地户籍比例增加,主要经同性性接触传播,部分学生发现时已出现重度免疫缺陷。

Objective To understand the characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022,so as to provide insights into AIDS prevention and control among young students.Methods Data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students at ages of 15 years and older in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of the Chinese Disease Pre-vention and Control Information System and the Sentinel Surveillance Questionnaire Survey System database of the AIDS Prevention and Control Information System.Demographic information,high-risk behaviors,detection pathways and the first measurement of CD4+T lymphocyte cell(CD4 cell)counts were analyzed.Results A total of 205 HIV/AIDS cases among young students were newly reported in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022,accounting for 6.53%of the total number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in the same period.There were 201 males and 4 females,with 132 cases at ages of 20 to 24 years(64.39%).Seventy-two cases were registered in Zhengzhou City(35.12%),and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases registered in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 showed an upward trend(P<0.05).All cases were in-fected through sexual contact,including 167 cases of homosexual contact(81.46%);143 cases had their first sexual ac-tivity at ages of 18 years and older(69.76%);105 cases had 4 or more sexual partners(51.22%),and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases with 4 or more sexual partners from 2017 to 2022 showed an increasing trend(P<0.05);139 cases had never used condoms(67.80%);132 cases were detected by counseling and testing(64.39%);59 cases had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation(28.78%),and the proportion of those who had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2022(P<0.05);190 cases of CD4 cell counts were detected,with 18 cases less than 200 cells/μL(9.47%).Conclusion From 2017 to 2022,the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City were predominantly males at ages of 20 to 24 years,with increasing proportion of lo-cal residence and homosexual transmission,and some cases have had severe immunodeficiency when they were found.