袁宏道哀悼诗研究

A study of Yuan Hongdao's mourning poetry

哀悼诗有悠久的历史及稳定的写作传统,发展至明代已经严重模式化。袁宏道哀悼诗约三十三题六十七首,从哀悼对象、诗型、内容来看皆为追悼亲朋的真情之作。袁宏道哀悼诗在继承传统模式与意象的基础上,自有标新之处,具体表现为:通过吸收民间佛、道、冥界观念,为逝者设计了不同的死后彼岸世界,开拓了哀悼诗写作的时间与空间,显示了士人与市井生活的融入;将底层人士作为主人公进行哀悼,扩大了传统哀悼诗书写对象的范畴,反映了袁宏道对儒家主流价值观的反叛。

Mourning poetry has a long history and a stable writing tradition,which developed into a serious stereotype in the Ming Dynasty.Yuan Hongdao's morning poetry has 67 poems,all of which are works of mourning for relatives and friends in terms of mourning objects,types and content.On the basis of inheriting traditional models and imagery,Yuan Hongdao's mourning poems have their own novelties:By absorbing folk Buddha,Tao and underworld concepts,he designed different afterlife worlds for the deceased,opened up the time and space of mourning poetry writing,and showed the integration of scholars and public life;Taking people at the bottom as the main characters to mourn has expanded the scope of traditional mourning poems,which reflects Yuan Hongdao's rebellion against the mainstream Confucian values.