以“应然”试之:教育评价改革的基本逻辑与实践条件

Evaluation with "Should Be":The Basic Logic and Practical Conditions of Educational Evaluation Reform

作为教育发展“指挥棒”的教育评价,“以‘应然’试之”是其基本逻辑,也是其改革的基本方向。当下教育评价存在的问题,根本的在于对这一基本逻辑的违背,很多现象,如“五唯”,就是在“试之以‘不应’”,并具体地表现在评价目的、评价方式、评价内容、评价主体等诸多方面。因此,要想有效推进教育评价改革,首要任务就是要从评价的目的、方式、内容、主体等方面深入探索教育评价的应然原则,构建合理的教育评价标准体系。除此之外,要想真正达到“以‘应然’试之”的状态,还需要诸多实践条件的支持,如对教育的认知基础、规范教育评价行为的法理条件、教育评价的技术条件以及社会生产条件等。

As for the educational evaluation,which is the "baton" of education development,"evaluation with 'should be'" is its basic logic and the basic direction of its reform.The fundamental problem of current educational evaluation lies in the violation of this basic logic.Many phenomena,such as "Five Only",are "evaluation with 'should not be'",and are manifested in the evaluation purpose,evaluation method,evaluation content,evaluation subject and many other aspects.Therefore,in order to effectively promote the reform of educational evaluation,the primary task is to deeply explore the principle of educational evaluation from the aspects of evaluation purpose,method,content,subject,etc.,and build a reasonable educational evaluation standard system.In addition,in order to truly achieve the state of "evaluation with 'should be'",it also needs the support of many practical conditions,such as the cognitive basis of education,the legal conditions for regulating the behavior of educational evaluation,the technical conditions for educational evaluation,and the social production conditions,etc.