养老机构护理员感知的支持性管理现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Supportive Management Perceived by Caregivers in Nursing Homes

目的调查养老机构护理员感知的支持性管理现状并分析其影响因素。方法2022年7-9月,采用方便抽样方法选取苏州市12家养老机构的646名护理员作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、职业倦怠量表(MBI⁃GS)及中文版支持性管理量表(SSS⁃C)对其进行调查。结果646名护理员SSS⁃C得分为(42.28±6.51)分。回归分析结果显示,影响护理员感知的SSS⁃C得分的主要因素包括护理员所在养老机构性质、月平均收入、职业态度、工作区、从事养老工作时间、养老护理员证书类型、对晋升渠道的看法、对搭班(主管)护士满意度、对当前工作条件满意度及MBI⁃GS得分(均P<0.05)。结论养老机构护理员感知的支持性管理水平尚有提升空间,机构管理者应注重改善护理员工作的物理及人文环境,并通过提高待遇、加强人员配备等来减轻护理员工作压力和职业倦怠等,进而提升对护理员的支持性管理水平。

Objective To investigate the status quo of supportive management perceived by caregivers in nursing homes and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From July to September 2022,a total of 646 caregivers were selected by convenience sampling from 12 nursing homes in Suzhou City.They were investigated by using the General Information Questionnaire,Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI⁃GS)and Chinese version of Supportive Supervisory Scale(SSS-C).Results For the 646 nurses,the SSS-C score was(42.28±6.51)points.The regression analysis showed that the SSS-C score perceived by caregivers was mainly influenced by the nature of nursing homes,average monthly income,professional attitude,working area,years of experience in elderly care,type of certificate held by caregivers,views on promotion channels,satisfaction with same-shift nurses(supervisors),satisfaction with current working conditions and MBI-GS score.Conclusion There is still room for improvement in the supportive management perceived by caregivers in nursing homes.Administrators should pay attention to improving the physical and humanistic environment of caregivers,and reduce their work stress and job burnout by increasing remuneration and strengthening staffing,so as to improve the supportive management perceived by caregivers.