生活垃圾分类从意愿到行为转变的障碍因素与跨越路径分析

Obstacle factors and solutions analysis of the transformation from willingness to behavior for household waste sorting

利用山东省东营市的586份问卷调查数据,运用计划行为理论、社会行动理论和治理理论分析居民参与垃圾分类意愿与行为间的差异及其障碍因素,并通过结构方程模型探究其内在机理。研究发现:社区情境因素欠缺及居民体验差、推动措施力度偏低、心理认同不足和自身异质性特征是垃圾分类从意愿到行为转变的主要障碍;社区情境因素、情境体验及推动措施既直接对垃圾分类意愿与行为的差异程度具有显著负向影响,并通过心理认同感的中介作用对缩小其差异程度产生间接影响;各因素对意愿和行为差异程度的作用机理表现出一定的性别、年龄、受教育程度和收入水平差异。加强垃圾分类宣传教育,完善社区设施、活动与组织建设,增强垃圾分类措施的针对性及加快制度和管理体系建设是推动意愿到行为转变的跨越路径。

Based on 586 respondents’field survey data in Dongying,Shandong Province,the differences between willingness and behavior to participate in household waste sorting and the obstacle factors by using planned behavior theory,social action theory and governance theory were analyzed.The internal mechanism through the structural equation model was explored.The results showed that the lack of community context factors and residents'poor experience,low promotion measures,lack of psychological identity and heterogeneity were the main obstacles of garbage classification from willingness to behavior.Community situational factors,residents’experience and promotion measures not only had direct significant negative impacts on the differences between willingness and behavior,but also had indirect effects through the mediating role of psychological identity.Residents with different genders,ages,education levels and income levels had different impact paths for the influence of each factor on the difference between willingness and behavior.Strengthening the publicity and education of garbage classification,improving the construction of community facilities,activities and organizations,enhancing the targeting of garbage classification measures and accelerating the construction and management systems are the crossing paths to promote the change from willingness to behavior.