昼夜温差对茶树生长及茶叶品质的影响

Response of Tea Shoot Growth and Quality Change to Diurnal Temperature Difference

以四川选育茶树品种川茶2号、峨眉问春的1年生茶苗为试验材料,利用人工气候箱,设置3个不同昼夜温差(5、10、15℃)处理,分析测试了不同温差处理下茶树新梢生长及部分生理生化成分含量变化。结果表明,2个供试茶树品种的茶苗随昼夜温差增大,生长速度减缓;在处理中后期,较大的昼夜温差下叶绿素a及叶绿素总量会降低;茶树新梢咖啡碱与游离氨基酸总量受昼夜温差影响变化趋势一致,10℃温差处理含量最高,并与其他两个处理差异显著;儿茶素总量与茶多酚含量为10℃温差处理最低,但3个处理间差异不显著。研究结果能为不同生态环境下应用相关栽培措施调控茶树生长和提高茶叶品质提供一定的理论依据。

Using 1-year-old tea seedlings of Sichuan tea cultivars'Chuancha NO.2'and'Emei Wenchun'as materials and three different day-night temperature differences(5,10,15℃)were set up in an artificial climate chamber to analyze and test the growth rate of new shoots and the changes of physiological and biochemical components.The results show that the seedling growth rate of the two tea cultivars decreased as the temperature difference between day and night increased.In the middle and late stages of treatment,the chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents would decrease under a large temperature difference between day and night.The variation trends of caffeine and total free amino acids in tea shoots were consistent with the influence of temperature difference between day and night.The highest contents of caffeine and free amino acids were observed under the 10℃temperature difference treatment,which was significantly different from the other two treatments.The total catechin and tea polyphenol contents were the lowest under a temperature difference of 10℃,but the difference between the three treatments was not significant.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for regulating tea plant growth and improving tea quality under different ecological environments.