助溶剂提取技术对不同烟草原料提取率及其香气成分的影响

Effect of cosolvent extraction technology on the extraction rate and aroma components of different tobacco raw materials

采用恒温水浴提取、常压浓缩、常规化学指标检测、同时蒸馏萃取、GC-MS内标定量检测香气成分等方法,分析添加助溶剂(啤酒花∶酒曲提取物∶吐温80=2∶5∶10,质量比)后烟草原料的提取率及其香气成分的变化。结果表明,造纸法再造烟叶烟草原料中添加助溶剂后,3种烟草原料的提取率均增加,烟梗、混配原料、烟草碎片的提取率分别提高7.88、0.12、0.09个百分点。添加助溶剂后烟草原料中还原糖、总植物碱、总氮和氯离子的提取率均高于未添加助溶剂的烟草原料。烟草原料添加助溶剂后,酮、醛、呋喃和酯的种类和含量增加,巨豆三烯酮的含量增加;烟梗添加助溶剂后,5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇含量降低。助溶剂的添加可提升烟草原料的提取率,提升部分烟草原料致香成分含量。

By using methods such as constant temperature water bath extraction,atmospheric pressure concentration,conventional chemical index detection,simultaneous distillation extraction,and GC-MS internal standard quantitative detection of aroma compo⁃nents,the extraction rate and changes in aroma components of tobacco raw materials after the addition of cosolvents(hop∶koji extract∶Tween 80=2∶5∶10,mass ratio)were analyzed.The results showed that after adding cosolvents to the tobacco raw materials for paper making,the extraction rates of all three tobacco raw materials increased.The extraction rates of tobacco stems,mixed raw materials,and tobacco fragments increased by 7.88,0.12,and 0.09 percentage points,respectively.The extraction rates of reducing sugars,to⁃tal alkaloids,total nitrogen,and chloride ions in tobacco raw materials with the addition of cosolvents were higher than those without the addition of cosolvents.After adding cosolvents to tobacco raw materials,the types and contents of ketones,aldehydes,furans,and esters increased,while the content of megastigmatrienone increased;after adding cosolvent to tobacco stems,the content of 5-methyl-2-furan methanol decreased.The addition of cosolvents could improve the extraction rate of tobacco raw materials and increase the aro⁃ma components content of some tobacco raw materials.