摘要
将非期望产出纳入考量,并剥离外部环境的影响,利用改进的三阶段DEA模型测算2015—2019年全国农业生产效率,并分析地区分异。结果表明,外部环境因素显著影响农业生产效率。农民人均可支配收入提高土地和灌溉要素的配置,城镇化水平促进机械、劳动力和化肥等投入的生产效率,地方财政农林水事务支出的过度投资不利于农业生产效率提高,较高的教育水平可提升农户对机械、土地等要素的管控能力,工业化发展带动农业机械作业。剥离外部环境干扰后,全国农业生产效率发生了显著变化,5年内的综合效率均值提高了0.07,纯技术效率提高了0.05,规模效率降低了0.01。将第三阶段全国农业生产效率分为4个类型,中部的效率“高高型”居多且分布均衡;东部次之,但存在轻微的发展失衡现象,部分地区长期为“低低型”;西部的效率分布极度不均衡,“高高型”和“低低型”间两极分化严重。基于此,从外部环境和地域特征两个角度提出推进农业建设的策略。
Taking the unexpected output into account and stripping the impact of the external environment,the improved three-stage DEA model was used to calculate the national agricultural production efficiency from 2015 to 2019,and the regional differentiation was analyzed.The results showed that the external environmental factors had a significant impact on agricultural production efficiency.The per capita disposable income of farmers improved the allocation of land and irrigation factors,the urbanization level improved the operation efficiency of machinery,labor and chemical fertilizer,the local financial expenditure on agriculture,forestry and water af⁃fairs was not conducive to agricultural production efficiency,the improvement of education level promoted farmers’ability to control machinery,land and other factors,and the development of industrialization drove the operation of agricultural machinery.After strip⁃ping the external environmental interference,the national agricultural production efficiency had changed significantly.The average comprehensive efficiency in five years had increased by 0.07,the pure technical efficiency had increased by 0.05 and the scale effi⁃ciency had decreased by 0.01.In the third stage,the national agricultural production efficiency was divided into four types.The effi⁃ciency“high high type”in the middle was mostly and evenly distributed;the east was second,but there was a slight imbalance in de⁃velopment,and some areas had been“low low type”for a long time;the efficiency distribution in the west was extremely uneven,and the polarization between“high high type”and“low low type”was serious.Based on this,the strategies were put forward to promote the agricultural construction from the perspectives of external environment and regional characteristics.
作者
孙吴婕
王蕾
SUN Wu-jie;WANG Lei(School of Business,Hohai University,Changzhou 213022,Jiangsu,China;Research Center for Systems Engineering and Management Innovation,Hohai University,Changzhou 213022,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2023年第11期214-220,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41501126)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(B200202233)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(人文专项)(B210207023)。
关键词
农业生产效率
非期望产出
外部环境
三阶段DEA模型
SBM模型
agricultural production efficiency
unexpected output
external environment
three-stage DEA model
SBM model