高熵氧化物的设计及其在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展

Research progress on design of high entropy oxides and their applications in lithium-ion batteries

储能技术的革命性变化对下一代锂离子电池(LIBs)负极材料提出了更高的要求。近年来,一类具有复杂化学计量比的新型材料——高熵氧化物(HEOs)逐渐进入人们的视野并走向繁荣。理想的元素可调节性和吸引人的协同效应使HEOs有望突破传统阳极的综合性能瓶颈,为电化学储能材料的设计和发展提供新的动力。本文分别从化学成分调控和结构设计2个方面结合本课题组近年来的研究及国内外重要文献,综述了HEOs作为LIBs负极材料的研究进展。在化学成分调控方面通过金属杂原子掺杂、非金属杂原子掺杂来提高HEOs的本征活性。在结构设计方面,通过构建一维结构、二维结构、三维结构、空心结构以及复合碳材料来增加HEOs的反应活性位点数量,从而提高储锂性能。最后,对HEOs在LIBs领域的发展进行了展望。

Revolutionary changes in energy storage technology have put forward higher requirements on next-gener-ation anode materials for lithium-ion battery.Recently,a new class of materials with complex stoichiometric ratios,high entropy oxides(HEOs),has gradually emerging into sight and embracing the prosperity.The ideal elemental adjustability and attractive synergistic effect make HEOs promising to break through the integrated performance bot-tleneck of conventional anodes and provide new impetus for the design and development of electrochemical energy storage materials.Here,this review shares our unique viewpoints through an overview of the research status of HEOs anodes and specific descriptions regarding material design and electrochemical behavior.Specifically,the chemical composition regulation and structure design by combing the recent research of our group and important domestic and foreign literature.The control of intrinsic activity of HEOs including the introduction of metal heteroat-om doping and non-metallic heteroatom doping.The influence of the increase of active-sites of HEOs to promote lithium storage performance is reviewed from the structural design including the construction of one-dimensional structures,two-dimensional structures,three-dimensional structures,hollow structures,carbon material composite.Finally,we envision the prospects and related challenges in this field,which will bring some enlightening guidance and criteria for researchers to further unlock the mysteries of HEO anodes.