农旅融合背景下水田改林地对土壤性质影响

Effect of Land-use Change from Paddy Field to Forest Land on Soil Properties Under Background of Integration of Agriculture and Tourism

为探讨农旅融合背景下土地利用方式改变对土壤理化及生物学特性的影响,在浙江省绍兴市境内选择代表性土壤剖面,分层采集土壤样品,采用田间调查与室内分析方法,研究了水田改制后土壤剖面性态及土壤微生物特性的演变。结果表明:水田改林地后地下水位明显下降,表层土壤坚实度增加了6.79倍,容重增加了33.7%;土壤颜色亮度和彩度增加,土壤结构体增大;表层土壤全铁和游离铁含量增幅分别为7.44%和8.70%;表层土壤活性铁和亚铁含量降幅分别为18.20%和91.56%;土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸总量下降44.57%,好氧细菌/厌氧细菌比值增加92.6%,革兰氏阴性细菌/革兰氏阳性细菌比值下降45.3%。总之,农旅融合背景下水田改林地后土壤理化性质发生明显变化,对植被和土壤微生物生长带来负面影响,不利于土壤可持续利用。

In order to explore the relationship between land-use change and soil physicochemical and biological properties under the background of the integration of agriculture and tourism,and clarify the impact of land-use change from paddy fields to economic forest lands on soil properties,several representative soil profiles in Shaoxing City,Zhejiang Province,were selected and layer samples were collected,and the evolution of soil properties,morphology and microbial characteristics were studied.The result showed after the land-use transformation from paddy field to forest land,the groundwater level decreased obviously,soil compactibility of surface layer increased by 6.79 times while bulk density increased by 33.7%.Soil color brightness and chromaticity increased,soil structure size increased.The contents of total and free iron increased by 7.44%and 8.70%,however active and ferrous iron decreased by 18.20%and 91.56%,respectively.Moreover,total amount of phospholipid fatty acids of soil microorganisms decreased by 44.57%,the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic bacteria increased by 92.6%,and the ratio of Gram-negative bacteria to Gram-positive bacteria decreased by 45.3%.In conclusion,the land-use change from paddy field to forest land can obviously change soil physiochemical properties under the background of the integration of agriculture and tourism,which has adverse effects on the growth of vegetation and microorganisms and unconducive to the sustainable utilization of soil.