我国籽实和饲草大麦土壤钾素丰缺指标和.推荐施钾量初步研究

The Abundance-deficiency Index of Soil K and Recommended Potassium Fertilizer Application Rates for Grain and Forage Barley in China

为了给我国大麦测土施钾提供科学依据,采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡-地力差减法新应用公式”,开展了我国大麦土壤钾素丰缺指标和推荐施钾量研究。结果表明,我国大麦土壤速效钾第1~3级丰缺指标依次为≥341、165~341和<165 mg/kg;土壤全钾第1~5级丰缺指标依次为≥85、19~85、4.1~19、0.9~4.1和<0.9 g/kg。当钾肥当季利用率40%~60%时,目标产量3~7.5 t/hm^(2)籽实大麦第1~5级土壤推荐施钾量分别为0、13~47、25~94、38~141和50~188 kg/hm^(2);目标产量6~15 t/hm^(2)干草大麦第1~5级土壤推荐施钾量分别为0、16~60、32~120、48~180和64~240 kg/hm^(2);目标产量15~45 t/hm^(2)青贮大麦第1~5级土壤推荐施钾量分别为0、14~63、28~126、42~189和56~252 kg/hm^(2)。本研究初步建立了我国籽实和饲草大麦土壤钾素丰缺指标推荐施肥系统,为我国大麦测土施钾奠定了科学基础。

To provide scientific basis for soil testing and K fertilizer recommendation of barley,an algorithm for scattered experimental data integration and the new applied formula based on“the methods of nutrient balance and projected yield minus soil fertility yield”were employed to study the abundance-deficiency index(ADI)of soil K and the recommended potassium fertilizer application rate(RPFAR)for barley in China.The results show that the ADI of soil available potassium for barley in China from the first to the third level are≥341,165~341 and<165 mg/kg,respectively.The ADI of soil total potassium for barley in China from the first to the fifth level are≥85,19~85,4.1~19,0.9~4.1 and<0.9 mg/kg.When the potassium fertilizer use efficiency in current season(PFUEICS)is 40%~60%and the target yield of grain barley is 3~7.5 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the abundancedeficiency level(ADL)1~5 from high to low are 0,13~47,25~94,38~141 and 50~188 kg/hm^(2),respectively.When the PFUEICS is 40%~60%and the target yield of barley hay is 6~15 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the ADL 1~5 from high to low are 0,16~60,32~120,48~180 and 60~240 kg/hm^(2),respectively.When the PFUEICS is 40%~60%and the target yield of barley silage is 15~45 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the ADL 1~5 from high to low are 0,14~53,28~126,42~189 and 56~252 kg/hm^(2),respectively.In this study,the recommended fertilization system of soil potassium for grain and forage barley in China is established,and it lays a scientific foundation for soil testing and potassium fertilization of barley in China.