植物GH3基因家族生物学功能研究进展

Research Advances in Biological Functions of GH3 Gene Family in Plants

植物生长素早期响应基因GH3编码的酰胺合酶催化生长素、茉莉酸及苯甲酸衍生物与氨基酸结合,形成相应的氨基酸复合物。当植物体内生长素浓度过高时,GH3蛋白催化生长素与氨基酸结合,形成的复合物作为生长素贮存库。当生长素浓度过低时,生长素-氨基酸复合物被蛋白水解酶水解为生长素,重新参与生长素信号通路,从而调控植物体内生长素动态平衡。当植物受到生物或非生物胁迫时,GH3蛋白催化茉莉酸和水杨酸与氨基酸结合,参与植物胁迫响应。该文从GH3蛋白结构、GH3基因家族分类及其生物学功能方面总结了双子叶模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、单子叶模式植物水稻(Oryza sativa)及其它植物中GH3基因的研究进展,为植物GH3基因家族的深入研究提供参考。

The amide-synthase encoded by the auxin early response gene GH3 in plants could catalyze the combination of auxin,jasmonic acid and benzoic acid derivatives with amino acids respectively to form the corresponding amino acid complex.Under the high auxin concentration in plants,GH3 protein catalyzes the combination of auxin and amino acid,which acts as the auxin sink in plants.Under the low auxin concentration,the auxin-amino acid complex is hydrolyzed to auxin by proteolytic enzymes and re-participates in the auxin signaling pathway,thus regulating the dynamic balance of auxin levels in plants.When plants are subjected to biological or abiotic stress,GH3 protein catalyzes jasmonic acid and salicylic acid to bind to amino acids and participate in plant stress response.In this study,we summarized the research progress of GH3 gene in dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,monocotyledonous model plant rice,and the other plants from the aspects of GH3 protein structure,GH3 gene family classification and its function,and provided some references for further study of GH3 gene family in plants.