城市微绿地生物多样性:价值、影响因素与提升途径

Biodiversity in Urban Micro Green Spaces:Value,In uence Factors,and Enhancement Approaches

城市化过程造成全球生物多样性锐减,而绿地是城市物种的重要栖息地。在有限城市生态空间中建设大型绿地成本昂贵,微绿地因其选址方便、布局灵活对生态空间具有补充作用。为全面认知微绿地生物多样性的研究成果与规律,对现有研究进行综述,并将目前有关微绿地生物多样性的研究分为三个方向:(1)城市微绿地生物多样性价值;(2)城市微绿地生物影响机制;(3)城市微绿地生物多样性提升途径。通过对39篇文献的系统评价与荟萃分析,结果表明:(1)高度城市化地区是微绿地生物多样性研究的热点区域。(2)鸟类研究的文献数量居于首位,哺乳动物研究数量最低,微绿地的丰富植被群落能支持昆虫多样性,也能为城市鸟类提供食物来源。(3)植被覆盖度、植被多度与面积因子的研究频次较高。其中,面积、绿地率、植被丰度与植被多度与微绿地生物多样性呈正相关,不透水面面积与噪音则呈负相关。(4)通过提高植被丰度、增强栖息地连通性等途径能有效促进微绿地生物多样性提升。文献综述结果可以为微绿地生物多样性提升制定科学的生境营造与布局规划策略。

Urbanization has led to a signifi cant decline in global biodiversity,while green spaces are crucial in providing habitats for urban species.However,constructing large green spaces in limited urban ecological spaces is expensive.Micro green spaces offer a fl exible layout and convenient location selection,making them a valuable supplement to the ecological space.To understand the research patterns and results of micro green space biodiversity,existing research has been reviewed and categorized into three areas:(1)the value of micro green space biodiversity in urban areas;(2)the mechanisms of the effects of micro green spaces on urban biodiversity;(3)ways to enhance micro green space biodiversity in urban areas.A systematic review and analysis me-ta-analysis of 39 articles were conducted,revealing revealed that:(1)Highly urbanized areas are hotspots for researching micro green biodiversity.(2)Bird research is the most prevalent,while mammal research is the least.The rich vegetation communities in micro green spaces can support insect diversity and provide food sources for urban birds.(3)Studies on vegetation coverage,vegetation abundance,and area factors are more frequent.Among them,area,green space ratio,vegetation richness,and vege-tation abundance are positively correlated with microgreen biodiversity,while impervious surface area and noise are negatively correlated.(4)Promoting microgreen biodiversity can be effectively achieved by increasing vegetation abundance and enhanc-ing habitat connectivity.These fi ndings provide a scientifi c basis for developing habitat creation and layout planning strategies to enhance micro green space biodiversity.