精神活性物质所致精神障碍者刑事责任能力探析——以2017~2021年刑事判决文书为研究样本

An Analysis of the Abilities of Criminal Responsibilities of Persons with Mental Disorders Caused by Psychoactive Substances:A Sample of Criminal Judgment Documents from 2017 to 2021

近年来,摄入精神活性物质导致精神障碍而引发的暴力犯罪案件在全国时有发生,其中摄入精神活性物质的行为人刑事责任能力认定问题一直是学术界和实务界颇具争议的疑难复杂问题。基于对2017~2021年涉精神活性物质暴力犯罪案件裁判文书实证分析,探究精神活性物质所致精神障碍者刑事责任能力认定的疑难点,结合国内外相关法律规定及理论基础,从评定对象、评定方式、评定依据三方面提出对不同类型和阶段的精神活性物质所致精神障碍者刑事责任能力评定的建议,以期指引涉及行为人摄入精神活性物质的刑事案件侦、诉、审各环节要点及取证规范,进一步实现司法公正及对特殊行为人的人权保护。

In recent years,violent crimes conducted by mental disorders caused by ingestion of psychoactive substances have occurred frequently throughout the country.The identification of the criminal responsibility capacity of the perpetrators who ingested psychoactive substances has been a controversial and complicated problem in the academic and practical circles.Based on the empirical analysis of adjudication documents of violent crimes involving psychoactive substances from 2017 to 2021,this paper explores the difficulties in the identification of criminal responsibility capacity of persons with mental disabilities caused by psychoactive substances,and combines relevant domestic and foreign legal provisions and theoretical basis.In order to guide the key points of investigation,prosecution and trial of criminal cases involving the ingestion of psychoactive substances as well as the norms of evidence collection,judicial justice and human rights protection of special perpetrators are further realized by putting forward suggestions on the assessment of criminal responsibility capacity of persons with mental disorders caused by different types and stages of psychoactive substances from three aspects of assessment object,assessment method and assessment basis.