再论我国犯罪参与体系的单一制方案

Further Discussion on the Single System Scheme of China's Criminal Participation System

要回答我国犯罪参与体系的归属问题,必须结合我国的共同犯罪立法和司法实践现状来进行。将我国共犯立法解释为归责区分制或双层区分制,不仅在理论上不能自洽,而且难以满足实务需要。从立法表现上看,单一制与我国《刑法》更加亲和;在司法实践中,法官采取的定罪量刑思路与单一制保持一致。至于单一制受到“有损构成要件明确性”和“导致量刑粗糙”的批评,皆是对单一制的片面理解所致。基于实定法和司法论上的考察,我国犯罪参与体系以单一制方案为宜。

To answer the question of the attribution of China's criminal participation system,it is necessary to combine it with the current legislation and judicial practice of joint crimes in China.Interpreting China's accomplice legislation as a system of attribution or dual distinction is not only theoretically inconsistent,but also difficult to meet practical needs.From the perspective of legislative performance,the unitary system is more compatible with China's Criminal Law;In judicial practice,the conviction and sentencing approach adopted by judges is consistent with the single system.As for the criticism of the single system that"undermines the clarity of the constituent elements"and"leads to rough sentencing",both are due to a one-sided understanding of the single system.Based on the examination of substantive law and judicial theory,it is advisable for China's criminal participation system to adopt a single system plan.