型式语法、构式语法、局部语法:汇融与歧异

Pattern grammar,construction grammar,and local grammar:Convergences and divergences

本文梳理型式语法、构式语法和局部语法的历史渊源和方法特征,分析型式、构式及局部语法型式之间的复杂对应关系,探讨三者的汇融与歧异。在此基础上,本文聚焦构式识别和认定,尝试融合这三条语言描写路径,提出型式与构式复杂对应关系下的构式认定方法,即局部语法的“意义-型式组合体”方法。研究表明,从局部语法视角分析语法型式有助于更具细微颗粒度地描写形式与意义或功能的配对,形成“意义-型式组合体”,助益构式识别和认定。总而言之,“意义-型式组合体”应是三条语言描写路径缩小歧异、增加融通的关键分析技术。

This study traces the historical background of pattern grammar,construction grammar and local grammar and discusses their respective methodological features.We further explore the complex relationship among patterns,constructions,and local grammar patterns to reveal the convergences and divergences among them.The study then focuses specifically on the identification and recognition of constructions,aiming to outline an approach to language description that integrates pattern grammar,construction grammar,and local grammar.Specifically,we analyse grammar patterns from the perspective of local grammar and propose an analytical method,termed as“meaning-pattern combination”,for identifying constructions.Our study demonstrates that local grammar analyses of grammar patterns help to describe the form-meaning or form-function pairings in a finer-grained manner,forming“meaning-pattern combination”and thereby contributing to the identification and recognition of constructions.In summary,“meaningpattern combination”could be the key to mitigate the divergences and to promote convergences among the three approaches under discussion.