原发性心脏肿瘤遗传和分子机制的研究进展

Research advances in genetics and molecular biology of primary cardiac tumors

原发性心脏肿瘤是起源于心脏的原发性肿瘤,较为罕见,可分为良性和恶性,其中以良性居多。恶性原发性心脏肿瘤的预后往往较差。而良性原发性心脏肿瘤也可能引起严重血流动力学及电生理学后果,但若能早期诊断并接受规范治疗,一般预后良好。近年来,对于原发性心脏肿瘤的遗传和分子机制的研究取得了一定成果,其中部分已实现临床转化。本文分别从DNA、RNA和蛋白改变角度,对原发性心脏肿瘤的遗传和分子机制研究进展及其在精准诊断和靶向治疗中的运用进行综述,并简要展望未来有前景的研究方向。

Primary cardiac tumors,which originate from the heart,are uncommon and can be classified as benign or malignant,with the majority being benign.Malignant primary cardiac tumors have a poor prognosis.Benign ones may also cause severe hemodynamic and electrophysiological consequences,but the prognosis is generally good if they are detected early and treated properly.In recent years,researches on the genetic and molecular causes of primary cardiac tumors have yielded some promising breakthroughs,with some of them already being translated into clinical practice.This article reviews research progress and its use in precise diagnosis and targeted therapy from the perspective of DNA,RNA,and protein changes,as well as prospects the promising research directions in the future.