TC4激光沉积的成形效率与精度的工艺影响特性研究

Research on Process Influence Characteristics of Forming Efficiency and Precision of TC4 Laser Deposition

采用单因素控制变量法,在不同激光功率、扫描速度、送粉速度、单层抬升量下进行TC4合金粉末的激光沉积试验,以成形区质量、成形区高度和翘曲变形量的比值分别作为成形效率、成形精度的评价依据,分析各因素对钛合金的沉积成形效率和精度的变化规律。结果表明,成形区质量越大,成形效率越高;成形区高度与翘曲变形的比值越大,成形精度越高。随激光功率的增大,成形区质量增大,精度下降;随抬升量的增加,成形区质量先增大后减小,成形精度先变差再变高;随扫描速度的增大,成形效率减小,精度变差;随送粉速度的增大,成形效率增大,精度变高。当激光功率为3000 W、单层抬升量为0.6 mm、扫描速度为6~10 mm/s,送粉速度为1.2~1.8 g/min时,成形效率和精度综合达到最优。

The laser deposition tests of TC4 alloy powder were carried out by using single factor control variable method under different laser powers,scanning speeds,powder feeding speeds and single layer uplifts.Taking the mass of forming zone,the ratio of the forming zone's height to the warping deformation as the evaluation basis of forming efficiency and forming accuracy respectively,the effect of various factors on deposition forming efficiency and precision of titanium alloy was analyzed.The results show that the bigger the mass of the forming zone,the higher the forming efficiency,and the bigger the ratio of the forming zone's height to the warping deformation,the higher the forming accuracy.With the increase of laser power,the mass of forming zone increases and the precision decreases;with the increase of lifing amount,the mass of forming zone increases first and then decreases,and the forming precision decreases first and then increases;with the increase of scanning speed,the forming efficiency decreases and the precision becomes worse;with the increase of powder feeding speed,the forming efficiency increases and the precision bocomes higher.When the laser power is 3000 W,the single layer lif amount is 0.6 mm,the scanning speed is 6-10 mm/s and the powder feeding speed is 1.2-1.8 g/min,the forming efficiency and the precision are optimal.