2020年度河南省安阳市2190名煤尘作业工人胸片及肺通气功能检查结果

Abnormal conditions of chest X-ray and lung ventilation function in 2190 workers exposed to coal dust in Anyang of Henan,2020

目的 了解接触煤尘作业工人健康状况,及时发现健康损害及尘肺病,为制定尘肺病防治策略措施提供依据。方法分析2020年度安阳市2 190名煤尘作业工人胸片、肺功能检查结果,从性别、工龄、年龄、企业规模、行业等维度探讨作业工人胸片及肺功能异常的分布情况。结果 2 190名煤尘作业工人中尘肺样改变47人,占2.15%。尘肺样改变检出率男性组高于女性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。尘肺样改变分布在40~49岁和50~59岁两个年龄组,检出率分别为1.17%、5.51%;≥20年工龄组检出率最高(2.96%),其次是10~19年工龄组(2.70%),不同年龄组、不同工龄组尘肺样改变检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。尘肺样改变检出率随着工龄的增加有增高趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=7.858, P<0.05),尘肺样改变检出率中型企业(2.96%)高于大型企业(0.31%),采矿业(5.23%)高于制造业(0.43%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。肺功能检查结果显示,第一秒时间肺活量(FEV1.0%)异常16人,占0.73%,其中50~59岁年龄组11人。FEV1.0%异常检出率采矿业(1.40%)高于制造业(0.36%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FEV1.0%异常检出率按年龄分布50~59岁年龄组最高,为1.78%;按工龄分布≥20年工龄组最高,为0.94%。结论 安阳市煤尘作业工人尘肺样改变、FEV1.0%异常集中在煤矿企业,性别以男性为主,分布在40~49岁、50~59岁年龄组。尘肺样改变工人接尘工龄多在10年以上,检出率随工龄增加有增高趋势。需重点关注40岁以上、工龄10年以上接尘工人健康状况,做好接触煤尘作业工人的职业健康监护。

Objective To understand the health status of the workers exposed to coal dust,find out the health damage and pneumoconiosis in time,and provide evidence for the formulation of the prevention and control strategies and measures for pneumoconiosis.Methods The examination results of chest X-ray and pulmonary function in 2190 workers exposed to coal dust in Anyang in 2020 were analyzed;the abnormal distribution of chest X-ray and lung function were analyzed from the aspects of sex,length of service,age,enterprise scale and category.Results Among 2190 workers exposed to coal dust,47(2.15%)had pneumoconiosis-like changes.The detection rate of pneumoconiosis-like change in male group was higher than that in female group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The pneumoconiosis-like changes were distributed in age group of 40~49 years old and age group of 50~59 years old,and the detection rates were 1.17%and 5.51%,respectively.The detection rate in working age group of≥20 years was the highest(2.96%),followed by working age group of 10-19 years(2.70%).The detection rates of pneumoconiosis-like changes in different age groups and in different working age groups were both statistically significantly different(P<0.001).With the increase of working age,the detection rate of pneumoconiosis-like changes had an increasing trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=7.858,P<0.05).The detection rate of pneumoconiosis-like changes in the medium-sized enterprises(2.96%)was higher than that in the large enterprises(0.31%),and it was higher in the mining industry(5.23%)than that in the manufacturing industry(0.43%),and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.001).The results of the lung function tests showed that 16(0.73%)had abnormal forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1.0%),including 1l people in the age group of 50-59 years old.The abnormal detection rate of FEV1.0%was higher in mining industry(1.40%)than that in manufacturing industry(0.36%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).According to the age distribution,the abnormal detection rate of FEV1.0%was the highest in 50-59 years,which was 1.78%.According to the distribution of working age,the abnormal detection rate of FEV1.0%was the highest in the group with working age≥20 years,with the detection rate of 0.94%.Conclusions The workers exposed to coal dust in Anyang city with pneumoconiosis-like changes and abnormal FEV1.0%are concentrated in coal mining enterprises;they are mainly male and distributed in age group of 40-49 years and age group of 50-59 years.The working age of workers with pneumoconiosis-like change was more than 10 years,and the detection rate increased with the increase of working age.It is necessary to pay attention to the health status of workers exposed to dust with age over 40 years old and working age more than 10 years,and the occupational health monitoring of workers exposed to coal dust should be done well.