玉米赤霉烯酮对家兔毒性作用及防治的研究进展

Research progress of toxicity and control methods of zearalenone on rabbit

玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)是由镰刀菌株产生的一种高毒性低分子量真菌毒素,广泛存在于玉米、小麦等多种农作物中。在家兔养殖过程中,使用ZEA污染的饲料将会对家兔的肝脏、肾脏、消化系统、免疫系统等功能造成严重损伤。作为雌激素类似物,ZEA还通过干扰雌激素水平影响家兔的生长和繁殖性能。文章综述了ZEA在家兔体内的代谢过程以及其对家兔的毒性作用、作用机制和防治措施,并重点阐述了微生物(如酵母、芽孢杆菌等)、天然植物提取物(如姜黄素、槲皮素等)和抗氧化剂(如硒、褪黑素等)缓解ZEA毒性的研究进展,以期为解决ZEA污染问题和促进养兔业健康发展提供参考。

ZEA is a highly toxic and low molecular weight mycotoxin produced by Fusarium strain,which is widely present in maize,wheat and other crops.In the process of rabbit breeding,the use of ZEA contaminated feed will cause serious damage to the rabbit's liver,kidney,digestive system,immune system and other structural functions.As an estrogen analogue,ZEA also affects the growth and reproductive performance of rabbits by interfering with estrogen levels.In the paper,the metabolic process of ZEA in rabbits and its toxicity to rabbits were reviewed.The research progress of microorganisms(such as yeast,Bacillus,etc.),natural plant extracts(such as curcumin,quercetin,etc.)and antioxidants(such as selenium,melatonin,etc.)in alleviating the toxicity of ZEA were emphasized.It is expected to provide some reference for solving ZEA pollution problem and promoting healthy development of rabbits breeding industry.