共同富裕进程下相对贫困地区中职学生升学意愿及对策建议——以“三区三州”地区样本为例

The Willing of Entering Higher Education of Secondary Vocational School Students in Relatively Poor Areas and Countermeasures in the Process of Common Prosperity——Based on the“Three Regions,Three States”Area Samples

中职学生的升学行为是提高自身人力资本的方式之一,也是实现共同富裕的重要基础。基于青海、云南、四川、新疆、西藏、甘肃6个省24个地市州21980名中职在校学生的调查数据,应用多元回归方法,就当前相对贫困地区中职学生升学意愿及其影响因素进行实证分析。研究发现,上述地区中职学生升学意愿普遍较强,其中女生意愿显著高于男生,不同地区学生升学意愿和求学地存在显著性差异,家庭的经济状况、家庭成员受教育程度、中职学校总体水平以及学费减免政策等因素对学生升学意愿均存在显著性正向回归效应。据此提出:当地中职学校要有效激发学生升学意愿,引导学生理性看待升学行为;国家和当地政府应合理统筹当地和外部高等教育资源,最大程度满足学生的升学诉求;加大改善中职学校办学条件,同步提高学生和家庭主要劳动力的技术能力基础;优化助学政策供给方式,缓解学生求学和升学的后顾之忧。

The behavior of secondary vocational school students entering higher education is one of the few ways to improve their own human capital,and also an important basis for achieving common prosperity.This article is based on survey data of 21980 vocational school students from 24 cities and prefectures in 6 provinces,including Qinghai,Yunnan,Sichuan,Xinjiang,Tibet and Gansu.Multiple regression methods are used to empirically analyze the willingness and influencing factors of secondary vocational school students in relatively impoverished areas to pursue higher education.Research has found that secondary vocational school students in the above-mentioned regions generally have a strong willingness to pursue higher education,with female students having a significantly higher willingness than male students.There are significant differences in students’willingness to pursue higher education and their places of study in different regions.Factors such as family economic status,education level of family members,overall level of vocational schools,and tuition fee reduction policies all have a highly significant positive regression effect on students’willingness to pursue higher education.This article believes that local vocational schools should effectively stimulate students’willingness to pursue higher education and guide them to view their behavior in a rational manner;the national and local governments should reasonably coordinate local and external higher education resources to maximize the satisfaction of students’demands for further education;increase the improvement of the educational conditions of vocational schools,and simultaneously enhance the technical ability foundation of students and the main labor force of families;optimize the supply mode of student assistance policies to alleviate students’worries about pursuing and pursuing higher education.