水酶法提取虹鳟鱼骨中鱼油工艺条件及优化

Optimization of Process Conditions for Extracting Fish Oil from Oncorhynchus mykiss Bones by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

利用水酶法对虹鳟鱼加工副产物鱼头和鱼骨中的鱼油进行提取,并对酶解工艺条件进行优化。结果显示,中性蛋白酶作用鱼骨泥的提油效果优于动物蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和氨基肽酶;鱼骨泥加等质量水混匀后,添加0.4%中性蛋白酶在自然p H、40℃下酶解3.5 h,提油效果最佳,提油率达90.55%。利用水酶法提取的鱼油酸价为2.25~4.25mg/g,碘值为138~139 g/100 g,皂化值为492.06~501.39 mg/g,茴香胺值为9.1~22.9;鱼油中饱和脂肪酸含量21.78 g/100g,单不饱和脂肪酸含量30.80 mg/100 g,多不饱和脂肪酸含量48.43 g/100 g,EPA含量1.07 g/100 g,DHA含量3.61 g/100g。利用水酶法提取虹鳟鱼骨中鱼油提油效果较好,鱼油品质较高,可进行资源开发与利用。

The fsh oil was extracted from the head and bones of Oncorhynchus mykiss by enzymatic hydrolysis,and the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were optimized.The results showed that the oil extraction effect of neutral protease was better than that of animal protease,alkaline protease and aminopeptidase.After the fsh bone mud was mixed with equal quality water,0.4%neutral protease was added to hydrolyze at natural pH and 40℃for 3.5 h.The oil extraction was the best,and the oil extraction rate reached 90.55%.The acid value,iodine value,saponifcation value and anisidine value were 2.25-4.25 mg/g,138-139 g/100 g,492.06-501.39 mg/g and 9.1-22.9,respectively.From the perspective of fatty acids,the content of saturated fatty acid in fsh oil was 21.78 g/100 g,monounsaturated fatty acid was 30.80 mg/100 g,polyunsaturated fatty acid was 48.43 g/100 g,and the content of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)were 3.61 g/100 g and 1.07 g/100 g,respectively.The extraction of fsh oil from Oncorhynchus mykiss bones by enzymatic hydrolysis has excellent effect and high quality of fsh oil,which can be used for resource exploitation and utilization.