训诂与《诗经》文本阐释——以《周南·卷耳》为例

Exegetics and Text Interpretation of The Book of Songs-Take Juan Er in Zhou Nan as an Example

《诗经·周南·卷耳》主旨纷纭,其阐释分歧主要集中在“嗟我怀人,置彼周行”之“周行”的训释。经学主训“官列”,由此产生“官人说”。文学主训“道路”,于是有了“怀人说”。通过引证本书、他书、小学典籍分析考辨可知:“周行”非“周道”,无道路义。《卷耳》之“周行”如训为“道路”,诗意难通;训为“官列”,则诗意豁然,且上博简《孔子诗论》“《卷耳》,不知人”也可得妥当解释,《卷耳》的经典特质、丰富内涵和本事均可揭橥、呈现。于此可见训诂之于《诗经》文本阐释之重要。

The theme of Juan Er in The Book of Songs is diverse.The differences in its interpretation mainly focus on the explaining of"Zhou Xing(Hang)"in the verse"jie wo huai ren,zhi bi zhou xing(hang)".Experts in the study of Confucian classics held the view that"Zhou Xing(Hang)"meant"oficial ranks",which resulted in the idea of making arrangements for officials.Scholars who regard The Book of Songs as literary classics held the view that"Zhou Xing(Hang)"meant"road",so there is the idea of missing someone.By citing The Book of Songs,other books and ancient dictionaries,we can know that"Zhou Xing(Hang)"is not"Zhou Dao"and has no road meaning.If"Zhou Xing(Hang)"in Juan Er explained as"road",the poetic sentiment is dificult to understand.If"Zhou Xing(Hang)"explained as"official ranks",the poetry will suddenly become clear.At the same time,the idea that"Juan Er,bu zhi ren"in the bamboo's letters Shi Lun can be properly explained,and the classic characteristics,rich connotations and original story of Juan Er can be revealed and presented.Here we can see the importance of exegesis to the interpretation of The Bookof Songs.