摘要
目的了解SLE患者接种流感病毒疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)疫苗、人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗、水痘-带状疱疹(VZV)病毒疫苗情况, 分析影响患者疫苗接种的相关因素。方法采用网络问卷横断面调查的研究方法, 2021年5月至8月调查17个风湿病中心, 1 203例SLE患者, 记录患者一般社会学人口学资料、患病治疗情况、疫苗接种意愿、近5年内疫苗接种情况。一般资料采用描述分析, 患者接种疫苗的影响因素的相关性分析采用χ^(2)检验及Logistic回归分析。结果在1 203例SLE患者中, 疫苗接种率分别为流感病毒疫苗5.49%(66/1 203)、肺炎球菌疫苗0.66%(8/1 203)、HPV疫苗3.82%(46/1 203)、HBV疫苗2.08%(25/1 203)以及VZV疫苗0.17%(2/1 203)。大学及本科以上学历(χ^(2)=30.94, P<0.001)、家庭年收入≥8万(χ^(2)=10.70, P=0.001)的患者接种流感病毒疫苗的比例更多;大学本科及以上学历(χ^(2)=20.96, P<0.001)、家庭年收入≥8万(χ^(2)=20.56, P<0.001)、<45岁(χ^(2)=8.54, P=0.001)以及未婚(χ^(2)=5.63, P=0.018)患者接种HPV疫苗比例更高;男性(χ^(2)=10.27, P=0.001)及大学本科及以上学历(χ^(2)=4.52, P=0.034)患者接种HBV疫苗比例更高。Logistic回归分析结果显示:对于流感病毒疫苗, 大学本科及以上学历[OR(95%CI)=6.01(3.09, 11.68), P=0.001)]、有低于18岁孩子[OR(95%CI)=1.80(1.02, 3.18), P=0.042)、应用羟氯喹[OR(95%CI)=2.14(1.10, 4.18), P=0.026)]为影响因素;男性患者[OR(95%CI)=4.24(1.37, 13.08), P=0.012)]以及大学本科及以上学历[OR(95%CI)=2.55(1.06, 6.15), P=0.037)]患者更多接种HBV疫苗;接种HPV疫苗的影响因素为年龄<45岁[OR(95%CI)=0.93(0.89, 0.97), P=0.001)]、大学本科及以上学历[OR(95%CI)=2.28(1.11, 4.65), P=0.024)]、家庭年收入≥8万[OR(95%CI)=2.675(1.32, 5.41), P=0.006)]以及应用免疫抑制剂[OR(95%CI)=1.92(1.03, 3.59), P=0.041)]。结论 SLE患者疫苗接种率普遍较低, 高收入、高学历患者接种疫苗比例明显增加, 风湿科医师及卫生行政部门专业人员应重视SLE患者疫苗接种健康宣教, 降低相关感染的发生率。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of influenza,pneumococcal,hepatitis B virus(HBV),human papillomavirus((HPV),and varicella zoster virus(VZV)vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),and to analyze the factors related to vaccination.Methods Data were obtained from 1203 patients with SLE,via a multi-center web-based survey using an online questionnaire.Data about their social conditions,clinical presentations,willingness for being vaccinated,vaccination within 5 years were collected.Demographic data were shown by descriptive analysis.Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the power of related indexes as predictors of vaccination.Results The vaccination rates of influenza,pneumococcal,HBV,HPV,and VZV were 5.49%(66/1203),0.66%(8/1203),2.08%(25/1203),3.82%(46/1203),and 0.17%(2/1203),respectively.Data analysis showed that higher education(χ^(2)=30.94,P<0.001)and higher income(χ^(2)=10.70,P=0.001)had greater effects on influenza vaccination.There was a relationship between HPV vaccination and higher education(χ^(2)=20.96,P<0.001),higher income(χ^(2)=20.56,P<0.001),younger age(2=8.54,P=0.001),and single(χ^(2)=5.63,P=0.018).Male(χ^(2)=10.27,P=0.001)and higher education(2=4.52,P=0.034)were associated with HBV vaccination.The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher education[OR(95%CI)=2.14(1.10,4.18),P=0.026],having children under 18 years-old[OR(95%CI)=1.802(1.02,3.18),P=0.042],and hydroxychloroquine usage[OR(95%C)=2.55(1.06,6.15),P=0.037],had a positive correlation with influenza vaccination.Male[OR(95%CI)=4.24(1.37,13.08),P=0.012],had an impact on HBV vaccination.The factors related to HPV vaccination included age<45[OR(95%CI)=0.93(0.89,0.97),P=0.001],higher education[OR(95%CI)=2.28(1.11,4.65),P=0.024],higher income[OR(95%CI)=2.68(1.32,3.41),P=0.006]and the usage of immunosuppressive agents[OR(95%CI)=1.92(1.03,3.59),P=0.041 J.Conclusion The prevalence of vaccination in patients with SLE is low.Patients with higher education and income are more likely to being vaccinated.
作者
张晓盈
马宗伯
李博
刘田
周云杉
金月波
杨月
陈适
李春
Zhang Xiaoying;Ma Zongbo;Li Bo;Liu Tian;Zhou Yunshan;Jin Yuebo;Yang Yue;Chen Shi;Li Chun(Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100044,China;Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First People's Hospital of Nanning,Nanning 530016,China;School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100080,China)
出处
《中华风湿病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期589-596,共8页
Chinese Journal of Rheumatology
基金
中华国际医学交流基金(Z-2018-40-2101)。
关键词
红斑狼疮
系统性
疫苗
接种率
现况调查
Lupus erythematosus,systenic
Vaccination
Cross-section study