“侧附”说与赋体创作生态

"Side Attachment"and the Ecology of Fu-Style

刘勰《文心雕龙·诠赋》首次提出赋体写作的“侧附”说,并指向“言务纤密,象其物宜”的奇巧“小制”,又以“理贵侧附”的范畴界定,以彰显赋“理”的意义。对此,前贤于“侧附”的词义诸如“从旁附会,有所寄托”类的文辞表达,有所言述,但对关乎赋体“寄托于物象”类的写作方法,则鲜有专论。而从赋体的创作生态着眼,对“侧附”的释解必须关注赋体的两个视点,即“赋体”(小制)与“赋理”(理贵);于中探寻,又可发现赋史由小制延展到从“谋篇”到“句法”的创作路径,同时由“理贵”旁渲寄托又引申出对赋体创作“比法”介入的思考。

Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long:Quan Fu first proposed the concept of"side attachment"in Fu-style writing,pointing to the ingenious and delicate"small structures"that require precise language and appropriate imagery.He further defined it within the scope of"the importance of attaching oneself to a side",highlighting the significance of"reasoning"in fu.While previous scholars have discussed the meaning of"side attachment"as expressions such as"attaching oneself from the side and finding something to rely on",there is little discussion specifically regarding the writing technique that involves Fu-style being reliant on objects or images.However,by examining the creative ecology of Fu-style writing,an interpretation of"side attachment"must consider two perspectives:"Fu-style"(small structures)and"Fu-reasoning"(importance of reasoning).Through this exploration,we can also discover how Fu-style history has evolved from small structures to encompass considerations such as composition planning and syntax,while simultaneously extending beyond mere reliance on reasoning through auxiliary support into contemplating comparative methods for creating Fu-style works.