芦花鸡生长期营养需要量标准和析因模型研究进展

Progress in Nutritional Requirements and Causative Model in The Growing Period of Luhua Chicken

芦花鸡是我国的优良地方家禽品种,在产肉和产蛋方面均具有较高的附加值。然而,芦花鸡至今仍没有饲养标准,无法进行标准化饲养,品种资源开发潜力受到极大限制。为了标准化饲养芦花鸡,首先在生长期(0~20周龄)不同生长阶段(0~6、7~14、15~20周龄)分别设定5个不同粗蛋白水平和5个不同代谢能水平日粮进行饲养试验、代谢试验和比较屠宰试验,并采用析因法研究了能量和蛋白质需要量,建立需要量析因模型;随后以汶上芦花鸡原种鸡场为核心辐射的周边32个商品化鸡场,进行能量和蛋白质需要量析因模型矫正,得到矫正后的需要量析因模型20个(蛋白质析因模型10个,能量析因模型10个);最后通过设置3个赖氨酸水平,同一理想蛋白质模式下多种必需氨基酸梯度,进行30万只以上大群生产试验,得到不同生长阶段氨基酸需要量参数。最终评估了不同性别和不同生产目的下的各种营养物质需要量参数,制定了需要量参数表。

Wenshang Luhua chicken is one of the excellent poultry breeds in China,for the high quality and added value of meat and eggs.However,it's production performance potential is not sufficiently de⁃veloped,because of the lack of breeding standards.To establish nutrient requirements standards,the en⁃ergy and protein requirements were studied using factorial methods,through feeding experiments,metabolic experiments,and slaughter experiments,with five different levels of crude protein and five different levels of metabolic energy,in different growth stages(0-6 weeks,7-14 weeks,and 15-20 weeks),10 energy requirements models and 10 protein requirements factorial models were established and corrected with a total of 32 commercial chicken farms in the surrounding production area of Wenshang Luhua chicken.The essential amino acids requirements in different growth stages were determined,through production verification tests on 300000 chickens,with the same ideal protein mode.Nutrients requirement parameter tables were de⁃veloped for different genders and production purposes.