饲料原料中淀粉准确检测方法的研究和应用

Research and Application of Accurate Detection Methods for Starch in Feed Raw Materials

由于部分原料在饲料和食品之间难以界定,尤其是一些常见谷物副产品的淀粉标识值与真实值差异较大,因此选择准确的淀粉检测方法尤为重要。本研究主要采用酸水解法和旋光法对22种常见饲料原料进行淀粉含量检测,同时采用过滤法检测粗纤维含量,并且对检测结果的差异及原因进行分析验证,为选择正确的淀粉检测方法提供依据。结果表明,20种饲料原料淀粉含量采用酸水解法测定结果比旋光法测定结果偏高,而可溶性淀粉和食品级面粉中淀粉含量无显著差异。经过分析,原料中纤维素含量与淀粉含量呈正相关,原因是酸水解法采用高浓度盐酸溶液及长时间水解,将饲料中纤维素水解为还原性单糖,参与了淀粉含量的结果计算,导致酸水解法测高纤维原料的淀粉结果虚高;并且纤维素含量越高,酸水解法和旋光法测定结果差异越大。通过两种方法的比较,说明旋光法比酸水解法更准确,更适用于饲料原料中淀粉含量的检测,可为配方数据库提供精准数据。

Due to the difficulty in defining some raw materials between feed and food,especially the significant differences between the starch labeling values and the true values of some common grain byproducts,resulting in inaccurate data in the formula database,it is particularly important to choose an accurate starch determination method.A total of 22 common feed raw materials were selected for test⁃ing their starch content using two different methods:acid hydrolysis method and polarimetric method,and their crude fiber content was tested using filtration method.At the same time,the differences and reasons of detection results were analyzed and verified.It can provide the basis for choosing the correct starch detection method.The results showed that the content of starch in 20 feed raw materials was higher by acid hydrolysis than by polarimetric method,but there was no significant difference between soluble starch and food-grade starch.After analy⁃sis,the cellulose content and starch content in the raw material were positively correlated.The reason is that the acid hydrolysis method uses the high concentration hydrochloric acid solution and the long time hydrolysis,hydrolyzes the cellu⁃lose in the feed to the reductive monosaccharide,participates in the result calculation of the starch content, the result of acid hydrolysis method to mea⁃sure the starch content of fiber raw material is higher than expected. The higher the cellulose content,the greater the difference between the acid hydrolysis method and the polarimetric method. By compar⁃ing two methods, the polarimetric method is more accurate and more suitable for the determination ofstarch content in feed raw materials than acid hydrolysis method , providing accurate data for therecipe database.