美国参与格陵兰稀土项目:现状、动因及影响

U.S.Participation in Greenland Rare Earth Project:Current Situation,Motivation and Impact

随着第四次科技革命的到来以及气候变暖带来的北极资源可开采性增强,储量巨大且尚未被开发的格陵兰稀土资源引起了美国的关注。美国以“官民结合”的方式参与格陵兰稀土项目,并对中国企业的参与施加恶意阻挠,此举既是为提升自身的稀土供应能力,建立相对独立的稀土供应链,又是出于对格陵兰战略价值和北极地区清洁能源外交话语权的重视。美国对于格陵兰稀土资源的争夺将进一步密切其与格陵兰自治政府的双边合作关系,同时或将影响北极地区的资源开发状况及全球稀土资源分配格局。

With the advent of the fourth scientific and technological revolution and the increasing exploitability of Arctic resources brought about by climate warming,Greenland’s rare earth resources with huge untapped reserves have attracted the attention of the United States.The United States participates in the Greenland rare earth project in a“official and civil combination”way,and hinders the participation of Chinese enterprises.This is not only to enhance its own rare earth supply capacity and establish a relatively independent rare earth supply chain,but also to emphasize its right of speech on the strategic value of Greenland and the clean energy resources in the Arctic region.The United States’competition for rare earth resources in Greenland will further strengthen its bilateral cooperation with Greenland,and may also affect the development of resources in the Arctic region and the global distribution of rare earth resources.