剪切增稠流体在锂离子电池电解质方面的研究进展

Research progress in shear-thickening electrolytes for lithium-ionbatteries

近年来因撞击、穿刺等外力导致的安全事故已经成为目前限制锂离子电池发展的主要瓶颈。针对这一问题,可以向传统电解液中引入特定的纳米添加剂,赋予电解液剪切增稠的特性,从而提高电池的抗冲击能力。本文主要讨论了剪切增稠流体的定义、性质、原理和影响因素,并回顾了近年来剪切增稠流体应用在锂离子电池中的最新研究进展。旨在总结剪切增稠电解液的合成方法与其性能的相互关系,提出纳米颗粒填充物的表面修饰、更大的长宽比尺寸和适当的浓度提升有利于增强电解液的增稠性能。最后,提出寻找和设计新的功能型纳米填充颗粒,实现电解液增稠性能和电化学性能的共同提升,将是剪切增稠电解液未来的发展方向。

Safety accidents of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)caused by impact,puncture and other external forces have become one of the main bottlenecks restricting their development and application.Shearthickening electrolytes are designed by introducing specific nano-additives into traditional electrolyte to improve the impact resistance of LIBs.This review mainly discusses the definition,properties,principles,and influencing factors of shear-thickening fluids and their recent applications in LIBs.This review aims to summarize the relationship between the synthesis methods of shear-thickening electrolytes and their properties.It also suggests that the surface modification of nanoparticle fillers,the increase of lengthwidth ratio and concentration can enhance the thickening properties of the electrolytes.Finally,it is suggested that the future development of shear thickening electrolytes is to design new functional nanofillers to achieve the simultaneous improvement of thickening properties and electrochemical performance.