论公益诉讼在个人信息数据保护中的适用与优化路径

On the Application and Optimization of Public Interest Litigation in the Protection of Personal Information Data

随着数据化建设的推进,对个人信息数据的收集、处理和运用也进入一个白热化时代,但过程中存在许多不合理、不合法的情形。2021年《个人信息保护法》第70条专设公益诉讼保护条款,旨在更好地维护相关人的合法利益、遏制侵权行为的发生。通过对个人信息保护公益诉讼的理论证成,结合检察机关发布的典型案例,检视实践监督层面、立法层面、司法层面、程序层面存在的问题,进而从加强监督、补充立法、司法明晰、消除瑕疵的维度提出公益诉讼在个人信息数据保护中的适用与优化路径。

With the advancement of data-based construction,the collection,processing and use of personal information data have also entered a white-hot era,but there are many unreasonable,unlawful and even criminal situations in the process.Article 70 of the Personal Information Protection Law of 2021,which is dedicated to the protection of public interest litigation,aims to better safeguard the legitimate interests of relevant people and curb the occurrence of infringement.Through the theoretical evidence of public interest litigation on personal information protection,combined with the typical cases issued by the procuratorial authorities,we review the problems at the level of practical supervision,legislation,judicial and procedure,and then propose the optimization path from the dimensions of strengthening supervision,supplementing legislation,judicial clarity and eliminating defects.