中间品市场、国内贸易成本与区域协调发展

Intermediate Product Market,Domestic Trade Costs and Coordinated Regional Development

建设全国统一大市场是构建新发展格局的基础支撑和内在要求。本文建立多地区多行业且囊括行业间生产网络的量化空间模型,结构式估计了中国省际生产端和消费端贸易成本,量化分析两类贸易成本对中国全要素生产率、实际收入和地区间收入差距的影响,从商品贸易成本的角度探究了全国统一大市场建设的经济与福利效应以及其中的关键堵点,并提出地区层面实际收入变动的分解公式,清楚剖析了贸易成本对地区经济的影响渠道。结果表明:地区间贸易成本带来了较大的效率损失;2007-2012和2012-2017年国内地区间贸易成本普遍呈下降趋势,有效促进了中国实际收入增长和地区间收入差距下降。当下降幅度相同时,生产端贸易成本下降的经济效应显著高于消费端,前者能有效促进实际收入增长,缩小地区间收入差距。劳动力要素跨地区流动对贸易成本的经济效应起到重要作用。本文结论说明建立国内统一大市场,消除地区间中间品贸易壁垒和要素流动障碍,能有效促进经济稳定增长和区域经济协调发展。

To create a new development paradigm,it is essential to establish a unified national market that promotes robust economic growth and facilitates harmonized regional economic development.This paper establishes a multi-regional and multi-sectoral quantitative spatial model that includes cross-sectoral production networks and structurally estimates interprovincial production and consumption trade costs in China,quantitatively analysing their impacts on China's total factor productivity(TFP),real incomes and interregional income disparities.From the commodity trade cost perspective,it further explores the economic and welfare implications of constructing a large,nationwide unified market and its main impediments,and proposes a novel formula for decomposing changes in real incomes at the regional level by thoroughly analysing the channels through which trade costs influence the regional economy.The results indicate that the costs of interregional trade have led to substantial efficiency losses.Overall,China's interregional trade costs trended downward between 2007 and 2012 and between 2012 and 2017,effectively promoting China's real income growth and reducing regional income disparities.In particular,when the declines are of equal magnitude,the reduction in production trade costs yield a more significant economic benefit than the reduction in consumption trade costs.Unlike the latter,the former promotes regional economic growth and effectively mitigates regional income disparities.Cross-regional labour mobility also plays a vital role in the economic impact of trade costs.The paper concludes by emphasizing that the establishment of a unified domestic market and the removal of barriers to domestic interregional trade and factor flow can significantly contribute to sustainable economic growth and coordinated regional economic development.