财政补贴与中低技能劳动者权益:就业模式转变视角

Fiscal Subsidies and the Rights and Interests of Low-and Mediumskilled Labor:The Perspective of Employment Pattern Transformation

本文从理论上分析了财政补贴对中低技能劳动者权益的影响机理,并利用中国家庭追踪调查数据进行计量检验。研究发现,财政补贴提升了中低技能劳动者的工资和社保权益,且该作用在低收入和多成员家庭、农村和贫困地区家庭中更显著。财政补贴的权益提升效应同时存在于不同户籍的中低技能劳动群体中,且相比于财政直接补助,间接教育补贴更能够提升中低技能劳动者权益。机制分析表明,财政补贴主要通过促进人力资本积累以推动就业模式转变,进而提升中低技能劳动者权益。本文揭示了财政补贴对于提高中低技能劳动者权益的重要作用,为优化现有财政补贴政策提供了理论依据。

This paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism of influence of fiscal subsidies on the rights and interests of low-and medium-skilled workers,empirically testing this using data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS).The results of the study indicate that fiscal subsidies improve the wages and social insurance rights and interests of low-and medium-skilled workers,and the effect is found to be more significant in low-income and multi-member families and families in rural and impoverished areas.The promotional effect of fiscal subsidies on wages and social insurance rights and interests also exists in the low-and medium-skilled labour groups with different household registration.Compared to direct fiscal subsidies,indirect subsidies for education further improve the wages and social insurance rights and interests of low-and medium-skilled workers.The analysis of the mechanism indicates that fiscal subsidies mainly promote the transformation of employment patterns by promoting the accumulation of human capital,thus improving the rights and interests of low-and medium-skilled workers.This paper reveals the significance of fiscal subsidies in improving the rights and interests of low-and medium-skilled workers and provides a theoretical basis and practical support for optimizing existing fiscal subsidies policies.