不同炮制工艺制黄草乌毒性及镇痛作用的初步考察

Preliminary investigation on the toxicity and analgesic effects of different processed products of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix

目的:对不同炮制工艺制黄草乌的镇痛活性和毒性进行研究,为规范黄草乌炮制方法提供依据。方法:选用井田生产工艺制黄草乌、1986煮蒸炙法制黄草乌、1986煮炙法制黄草乌、2014水煮法制黄草乌4种炮制品,采用小鼠急性毒性试验评价其毒性;采用热板法致小鼠疼痛和小鼠冰醋酸扭体致痛法试验,比较不同炮制工艺对制黄草乌镇痛作用的影响。通过HPLC对不同炮制工艺制黄草乌中滇乌碱和8-去乙酰基滇乌碱的含量进行分析。结果:井田生产工艺和1986煮炙法制黄草乌小鼠单次灌胃给药的最大给药剂量为13.2 g·kg^(-1)、1986煮蒸炙法和2014水煮法制黄草乌的单次最大给药量分别为14.0 g·kg^(-1)和14.8 g·kg^(-1);药效学研究结果显示井田生产工艺、1986煮蒸炙法、1986煮炙法、2014水煮法制黄草乌在7.0 g·kg^(-1)剂量下对醋酸致小鼠扭体疼痛有明显的抑制作用,但是4种炮制工艺中只有井田生产工艺和1986煮炙法制黄草乌对热板法致小鼠疼痛在给药90 min后有显著的抑制作用,1986煮蒸炙法和2014水煮法制黄草乌仅有抑制作用趋势。不同炮制工艺对制黄草乌中滇乌碱和8-去乙酰基滇乌碱的含量都有影响,其中井田生产工艺制黄草乌中滇乌碱含量最高。结论:4种不同炮制工艺制黄草乌在常规临床剂量下使用都是安全的,其中井田生产工艺制黄草乌的镇痛活性最好,滇乌碱含量最高,两者呈现相关性。

OBJECTIVE To research the processing method of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix,the analgesic activity and toxicity of its four different processed products were evaluated.METHODS The acute toxicity evaluation of four processed products named Jingtian Zhihuangcaowu,1986 Boiled and steamed Zhihuangcaowu,1986 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu and 2014 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu were carried out in mice.The analgesia effects of these different processed products of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix were tested by the methods of hot plate and the acetic acid-induced writhing body in mice.Quantitative analysis of yunaconitine and 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine in different processed products of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix were performed by HPLC.RESULTS The acute toxicity results showed that the single maximum tolerance dose of Jingtian Zhihuangcaowu and 1986 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu were 13.2 g·kg^(-1),1986 Boiled and steamed Zhihuangcaowu and 2014 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu were 14.0 g·kg^(-1)and 14.8 g·kg^(-1)respectively.The efficacy results showed that all the four processed products of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix had obvious inhibitory effects on the acetic acid-induced writhing body in mice in dose 7 g·kg^(-1).Meanwhile,both Jingtian Zhihuangcaowu and 1986 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu had a significant inhibitory effect on the pain caused by the hot plate in mice after 90 min of administration in the same dose,but 1986 Boiled and steamed Zhihuangcaowu and 2014 Boiled Zhihuangcaowu only had a tendency of inhibition.Different processing processes had an impact on the content of yunaconitine and 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine in Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix,among which the content of yunaconitine in Jingtian Zhihuangcaowu was the highest.CONCLUSION Four different processed products of Aconiti Vilmorinani Radix are all safe to use at conventional clinical dose,while Jingtian Zhihuangcaowu showed the best analgesic activity,which has correlation withits high content of yunaconitine.