国际秩序变动中的“全球南方”与中国角色

“Global South”and China's Role in a Changing International Order

作为一个术语,“全球南方”是国际舆论和学术研究中热议和争论的理论问题;作为一种现实,“全球南方”是影响国际格局、世界秩序、全球治理变革的重要力量。“全球南方”的崛起,既有国际格局新变化的深层背景,也有非常浓厚的大国博弈色彩,同时为深化全球发展治理合作提供了新机遇。金砖国家作为“全球南方”的代表,利用金砖国家合作机制,参与全球治理,促推全球治理体系的民主化改革与务实合作。当前,“全球南方”国家普遍不满西方国家试图强加给发展中世界的所谓基于规则的国际秩序,主张推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。中国既是金砖国家的重要成员之一,更是“全球南方”的当然成员,还是南南合作的重要引领者,当下则面临着严峻且复杂的国际形势:一方面,以美国为首西方国家借助分类、拉拢和施压等手段,试图分化瓦解“全球南方”乃至排斥和制衡中国;另一方面,“全球南方”国际影响力渐增,自主发展意识和制度建设加强。鉴此,中国继续坚定不移地维护发展中国家共同利益,并可基于自身发展经验,不断深化“全球南方”国家之间新型南南合作,从而不断助力全球发展治理新架构的构建。

As a term,“Global South”is a hotly debated and discussed theoretical issue in world public opinion and academic research.As a reality,“Global South”is an important force influencing the international pattern,world order and global governance reforms.The rise of“Global South”is not only against the deep background of new changes in international pattern,but also in strong sense of big power game.Meanwhile,it provides new opportunities for deepening cooperation in global development governance.Currently,the Global South countries are generally dissatisfied with the so-called“international order based on rules that the Western countries”advertise and try to impose on the developing world;rather,they advocate to promote the international order to develope in a more just and reasonable direction.The BRICS countries,which include more Middle East and African countries after expansion in 2023,as the representatives of the“Global South”,will make use of the BRICS cooperative mechanism to participate in the global governance,and promote the reform and practical cooperation in the democratization of global governance system.China,as an important member of the BRICS,a certain member of“Global South”,and an important leader of“South-South”cooperation,is facing sever and complicated international situations.On the one hand,Western countries,led by the U.S.,are taking various means of classification,treating and pressure to divide and balance the“Global South”,even to exclude and contain China;on the other hand,the international influence of the“Global South”is increasing,and the consciousness of self-development and system building are also rising.In this regard,China should base on its own development experiences,continuously deepen new-typed South-South cooperation among“Global South”countries,so as to contribute to the establishment of new framework of global development governance.