中国宪法体制中民主集中制的统合作用

The Integrative Role of Democratic Centralism in the Constitutional System of China

民主集中制蕴含着民主正当性和集中有效性双重价值目标。党的民主集中制与国家机构的民主集中制在价值诉求上有不同侧重。集中有效性价值是党的民主集中制的落脚点和归宿,党的民主集中制的运行能够补强国家机构运行的有效性。作为党的组织原则的民主集中制,塑造了镶嵌于国家机构之中的党组织,为党领导国家机构提供了组织基础。作为党的活动原则和领导机制的民主集中制,通过嵌入在国家机构之中的党组织,发挥着填补国家机关之间宪法关系空白、协调国家机关之间宪法关系、解决地方国家机关双重负责难题的重要作用。党的民主集中制和国家机构的民主集中制相互影响、相互作用,实现了依宪执政与依宪治国的衔接,塑造了中国宪法体制。

Democratic centralism contains the dual value goals of democratic legitimacy and centralized effectiveness.However,the democratic centralism of the Party and the democratic centralism of state institutions have different emphases in terms of value goals.The former takes centralized effectiveness as its foothold and destination and can strengthen the effectiveness of the operation of state institutions.As an organizing principle of the Party,democratic centralism shapes Party's organizations that are embedded in state institutions and provides the organizational basis for the Party to lead state institutions effectively.As the principle of the Party's activities and leadership mechanism and through Party organizations embedded in state organs,democratic centralism plays an important role in filling the gaps in the constitutional relationships among state organs,coordinating the constitutional relationships among state organs and solving the problems of dual responsibility of local state organs.The democratic centralism of the Party and that of state institutions influence and interact with each other,realizing the connection between the constitution-based exercise of the ruling power and constitution-based state governance and shaping the constitutional system of China.