反跨介质导弹攻击拦截策略

Interception strategy for anti-cross-medium missile attacks

由于跨介质导弹具备速度快、射程远和突袭性强的特点,导致对其进行空中近程拦截失效,且跨介质末弹道通过硬杀伤手段进行拦截的反应时间短和防御难度大。本文主要针对反跨介质导弹拦截的难点问题,总结分析了跨介质导弹跨域后的弹道攻击特征,提出了基于提前角导引、机动占位和零控最优3种拦截弹道策略,来满足不同态势条件下及早拦截、快速拦截和精确拦截的防御需求,并通过仿真实验对比分析了不同弹道模型的拦截效能,仿真结果表明:零控最优拦截策略的拦截概率在各种态势下均比较高和稳定,拦截效能均在90%以上;机动占位拦截策略的拦截概率中等,但受态势影响较小,拦截效能在50%~80%的范围;提前角导引拦截策略方法在近距离中等舷角态势下拦截效果较好,但态势对拦截概率影响显著,拦截效能均在70%以上。对深入研究快速高效防御跨介质导弹和反跨介质导弹拦截弹道具有一定的参考价值。

Cross-medium missiles possess the characteristics of fast speed,long range,and strong surprise attack across airspace and water bodies,leading to ineffective close-range aerial interception against them,short interception reaction time and high defense difficulty through hard killing methods at the end of the cross-medium trajectory.This article focuses on the key issues of anti-cross-medium missile interception.Firstly,the ballistic attack characteristics of cross medium missiles after crossing domains are summarized and analyzed.Then,three interception ballistic strate⁃gies,namely advance angle guidance,maneuvering occupancy,and zero control optimization,are proposed to meet the defense requirements of early interception,rapid interception,and precise interception under different situational conditions.The interception efficiency of different ballistic models is compared and analyzed through simulation experi⁃ments,showing that the interception probability of the zero control optimal interception strategy is relatively high and stable in various situations with interception efficiency higher than 90%;the interception probability of the maneuver oc⁃cupying interception strategy is moderate but less affected by the situation,and the interception efficiency ranges from 50%to 80%;the advanced angle guidance interception strategy method achieves interception efficiency above 70%in all situations,especially in close range and medium angle situations,whereas the situation has a significant impact on interception probability.It has been shown that this paper provides a solid reference for in-depth research on the de⁃sign of interception trajectories for the rapid and efficient defense of cross medium missiles and anti-cross-medium missiles.