基于成分等时替代法建立青少年肥胖干预模型

Establishment of an intervention model for adolescent obesity based on component isochronous substitution method

目的探讨体力活动(PA)、久坐(SB)和睡眠(SLP)之间等时替代与体质量指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、体脂率(FAT)的关系,为控制青少年肥胖提供有效措施。方法2022年5—8月在天津市第三十二中学和滨湖中学招募12~15岁青少年193名,使用常规测试方法测量受试者的身高、体重并计算BMI;采用三维加速度计(ActiGraph GT3X+)测量受试者的PA、SB和SLP。结果15 min的等时替代结果发现,增加中高强度身体活动(MVPA)时间并减少其他活动时间时,BMI-Z减少0.17~0.22个单位、WC-Z减少0.16~0.20个单位、FAT-Z减少0.17~0.22个单位;MVPA与SLP、SB、低强度身体活动(LPA)之间的替代具有明显的不对称性;MVPA替代SB产生的效用>MVPA替代SLP产生的效用>MVPA替代LPA产生的效用;MVPA替代其他行为在MVPA时间增加5 min时最大(0.06~0.08个单位)。结论MVPA在青少年肥胖的控制中起到不可替代的作用,在减少SB时间的同时应该增加MVPA时间,保证每天不低于55 min的MVPA时间才能有效控制肥胖。

Objective To explore the relationship between isochronous substitution and BMI,waist circumference(WC),and body fat rate(FAT)among physical activity(PA),sedentary(SB),and sleep(SLP),so as to provide effective measures for obesity control in adolescents.Methods A total of 193 adolescents aged 12-15(90 males and 103 females)was randomly selected,and their height,weight,and BMI were measured using routine testing methods from May to August 2022.The PA,SB and SLP of the participants were measured using a 3D accelerometer(ActiGraph GT3X+).Results The arithmetic mean value overestimated SLP(40.8%)and SB(39.6%)to some extent,and underestimated LPA(16.1%)and MVPA(3.5%)to some extent.Based on the ISM at 15 min,MVPA was substituted for other activity,BMI-Z decreased by 0.17-0.22 units,WC-Z decreased by 0.16-0.20 units,and FAT-Z decreased by 0.17-0.22 units.The substitution between MVPA and for other activity exhibited significant asymmetry.The effects of MVPA substitutions for SB was the largest,followed by the effects of MVPA substitutions for SLP,and the effects of MVPA substitutions for LPA was the lowest.As MVPA substitutions for other behaviors,it reached its maximum(0.06-0.08 units)when the MVPA time increased by 5 minutes.Conclusions MVPA plays an irreplaceable role in the control of adolescent obesity.While reducing SB time,MVPA duration should be increased to ensure that the daily MVPA duration is not less than 55 minutes in order to effectively control obesity.