苏州市2017—2020年儿童全因中耳炎发病率分析

Estimation on incidence of all-cause otitis media among under-5 children in Suzhou,2017-2020

目的了解江苏省苏州市5岁以下儿童全因中耳炎(Otitis Media,OM)发病情况。方法于2017年1月—2021年6月,以苏州大学附属儿童医院为基础,通过医院信息系统(HIS)纳入出生于2017年1月1日—2020年12月31日的就诊儿童并建立队列,通过门诊和住院记录随访全因中耳炎病例,并估计0~4.5岁各年龄组儿童全因中耳炎发病率。结果队列共纳入507678名儿童,2017—2020年共有7903例儿童罹患9378例次中耳炎,其中门诊与住院中耳炎病例分别有8979和399例次,中耳炎总发病率为6.37/103人年,门诊和住院的发病率分别为6.10/103人年和0.27/103人年。儿童中耳炎发病高峰集中于3~4.5岁,其中4~4.5岁儿童发病率最高,达24.59/103人年。患有过敏性鼻炎、反复发作型急性上呼吸道感染等中耳炎相关危险因素的儿童具有较高的发病率(21.45/103人年)。结论苏州市儿童全因中耳炎发病率处于较低水平,中耳炎发病率因不同年龄和不同风险人群而异。

Objective To estimate the incidence of all-cause otitis media(OM)in children under 5 years old(under-5)in Suzhou city,Jiangsu province.Methods From the Health Information System(HIS)of Soochow University Affiliated Children′s Hospital(SCH),we extracted outpatient visit and hospitalization records of local under-5 children(born from 2017 to the end of 2020)during the period from January 2017 through June 2021 for a retrospective cohort analysis.The children with the diagnosis of all-cause otitis media were followed up for the estimation of overall and age specific all-cause otitis media incidence among the children.Results Among the 507678 children followed-up during the 4-year period,9378 otitis media incidents of 7903 children were identified,including 8979 outpatient incidents and 399 hospitalizations.The overall incidence rate of otitis media was 6.37/1000 person-years and the incidence rate was 6.10/1000 person-years for outpatient children and 0.27/1000 person-years for inpatient children,respectively.The incidence rate of otitis media was higher among the children aged 3-4.5 years and the highest incidence rate of 24.59/1000 person-years was observed in the children aged 4-4.5 years.Higher otitis media incidence rate of 21.45/1000 person-years was also observed for the children with allergic rhinitis and recurrent acute upper respiratory infections.Conclusion The incidence rate of all-cause otitis media was low and influenced by age and other diseases among under-5 children in Suzhou city.