中国公众“一盔一带”安全守护行动知晓情况及实施效果

Awareness of and responding to“One Helmet,One Seatbelt”-a road traffic safety campaign among motor vihicle riders/passengers in China

目的了解中国公众对“一盔一带”安全守护行动的知晓情况及实施效果,为相关部门制定交通安全政策、减少道路交通伤害提供参考依据。方法于2021年7—8月采用网络问卷调查方法对中国18个省、5个自治区、3个直辖市564名电动自行车/摩托车骑乘人员和汽车驾乘人员进行了调查,分析公众对“一盔一带”安全守护行动的知晓情况及行动实施后头盔佩戴和安全带使用增加情况。结果本次调查的564名电动自行车/摩托车骑乘人员和汽车驾乘人员中,电动自行车/摩托车骑行人员314人(55.68%),电动自行车/摩托车搭乘人员17人(3.01%),汽车驾驶员137人(24.29%),汽车乘客96人(17.02%);电动自行车/摩托车骑行人员和汽车驾驶员对“一盔一带”安全守护行动的总知晓率为91.13%,其中电动自行车/摩托车骑行人员和汽车驾驶员的知晓率分别为92.04%和89.05%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有74.02%的电动自行车/摩托车骑乘人员表示在行动实施后的头盔佩戴情况有所增加,其中骑行人员头盔佩戴增加比例(76.11%)高于搭乘人员头盔佩戴增加比例(35.29%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.973,P<0.001);有43.78%的汽车驾乘人员表示在行动实施后的安全带使用情况有所增加,其中汽车驾驶员和乘客安全带使用的增加比例分别为43.07%和44.79%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论“一盔一带”安全守护行动实施1年后,中国公众对其知晓情况较好,电动自行车/摩托车骑行人员头盔佩戴和汽车驾乘人员安全带使用情况均有增加。

Objective To examine the awareness of and responding to a nationwide road traffic safety campaign named“One Helmet,One Seatbelt”among motor vihicle riders/passengers in China.Methods An online questionnaire survey was conducted among e-bike or motorcycle riders/passengers and automobile drivers/passengers recruited with snowball sampling in 18 provinces,5 autonomous regions,and 3 municipalities across China between July and August 2021-one year after the initiation of the program.We analyzed the awareness of the campaign and the increase of helmet-wearing and seatbelt usage after the campaign among the participants.Results Eligible responses were collected from a total of 564 participants including 314(55.68%of the participants)e-bike/motorcycle riders,17(3.01%)e-bike/motorcycle passengers,137(24.29%)automobile drivers,and 96(17.02%)automobile passengers.Of the 451 e-bike/motorcycle riders and automobile drivers,91.13%(411)reported the awareness of the road traffic safety campaign and there was no significant difference in the awareness rate between the e-bike/motorcycle riders and automobile drivers(92.04%vs.89.05%,χ2=1.053;P>0.05).Among the 331 e-bike/motorcycle riders/passengers,245(74.02%)reported increased helmet-wearing after the implementation of the campaign and significantly more e-bike/motorcycle riders reporting increased helmet-wearing compared to e-bike/motorcycle passengers(76.11%vs.35.29%,χ2=13.973;P<0.001).Of the automobile drivers/passengers,43.78%reported increased seatbelt usage after the campaign and the proportion of reporting increased seatbelt usage was not significantly different between the drivers and the passengers(43.07%vs.44.79%,χ2=0.068;P>0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of the nationwide“One Helmet,One Seatbelt”road traffic safety campaign was high among e-bike/motorcycle riders and automobile drivers;meanwhile,helmet-wearing increased in e-bike/motorcycle riders/passengers and seatbelt usage increased in automobile drivers/passengers one year after the initiation of the campaign.