我国三大流域水资源利用效率时空演变特征与影响因素分析

Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of water resources use efficiency of China’s Three Major River Basins

科学高效地利用水资源是我国生态文明建设和流域高质量发展的必然要求,对长江、黄河和珠江三大流域水资源利用效率时空演变特征及影响因素进行研究,可为有效提升流域水资源利用效率提供策略支持。基于2011-2020年长江、黄河和珠江三大流域21个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,利用非期望产出超效率SBM模型测算各省(自治区、直辖市)水资源利用效率,结合核密度估计、Tobit回归模型,从水资源利用效率的时序演变、空间特征和影响因素角度对流域水资源利用效率进行多层次分析。研究结果表明:2011-2020年长江流域的水资源利用效率最高,珠江流域最低,水资源利用效率存在一定的空间差异,经济发展水平、产业结构、进出口需求等因素会对水资源利用效率产生影响。

For China to build an ecological society and achieve high-quality development of the basins,scientific and efficient use of water resources is a necessity.To provide strategic support for the effective improvement of water resources use efficiency in the basins,a comparative study on the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of water resource super-efficiency in the Yangtze River basin,Yellow River basin,and Pearl River basin is conducted.The super-efficiency SBM model of non-expected output was used to measure the water resources use efficiency of each province and region based on the panel data of 21 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in the three basins from 2011 to 2020.Combining the methods of kernel density estimation and the Tobit regression model,a multi-level analysis of water resources use efficiency in the basins was conducted from the perspectives of time series evolution,spatial characteristics and influencing factors of water resources use efficiency.The study demonstrates that during the research period,the Yangtze River basin had the highest water resource use efficiency while the Pearl River basin had the lowest.It also demonstrates that there are some spatial differences in water resource use efficiency as well as the influence of factors like economic development,industrial structure,and import and export demand.Effective suggestions are made based on the research's findings to increase the water resources use efficiency.