大规格钛-钢复合板的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Large-Size Titanium-Steel Composite Plates

采用爆炸焊接技术制备尺寸为4260 mm×4260 mm×(6.5+32)mm的钛-钢复合板。采用超声波无损检测、相控阵波形显微镜、金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料板材的力学性能和界面形态进行分析。结果表明,当爆速、密度、炸药高度和间隔距离分别为2200~2270 m/s、0.80~0.82 g/cm^(3)、45.0~46.0 mm和8.0~11.0 mm时,制备出的板材各项力学性能满足技术指标ASTM B898-2020。界面的波形为典型波纹状结合,界面清晰均匀,波形在漩涡区存在少量熔化,波幅和波长的比值为0.15~0.25,且在比值为0.2左右时,产品的剪切强度最高。本研究为大规格钛-钢复合板的制备提供工艺方法,并发现大规格钛-钢复合板的界面特点,为后续优化复合板爆炸焊接工艺提供理论指导。

Titanium-steel composite plates with large sizes of 4260 mm×4260 mm×(6.5+32)mm were prepared by explosive welding technique.Ultrasonic nondestructive testing,phased-array waveform microscopy,optical microscope,and scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the mechanical properties and interface morphologies of the composite plates.Results show that when the detonation velocity,density,explosive height,and stand-off distance are 2200–2270 m/s,0.80–0.82 g/cm^(3),45.0–46.0 mm,and 8.0–11.0 mm,respectively,the mechanical properties of the prepared plates can satisfy ASTM B898-2020 technical requirements.The interface waveform presents a typical periodic combination morphology and the interface is clear and uniform.A small amount of solidified melt exists in the vortex area of waveform.The ratio of amplitude to wavelength ranges from 0.15 to 0.25,and the optimal shear strength can be achieved when the ratio is approximately 0.20.This research provides preparation technique for the large-size titanium-steel composite plates and theoretical guidance for the subsequent optimization of the explosive welding process of composite plants.